RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of β-Hydroxybutyric Acid on Fat Metabolism and Adiponectin Secretion in Yak Adipocytes

  • SHI Junhua ,
  • WANG Sen ,
  • WANG Zhisheng ,
  • HU Rui ,
  • WANG Junmei ,
  • GUO Yixin ,
  • ZHANG Xiaohong ,
  • SHI Liyuan ,
  • ZOU Huawei ,
  • PENG Quanhui ,
  • XUE Bai ,
  • WANG Lizhi
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  • Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of University in Cattle Low Carbon Breeding and Safety Production in Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2022-03-08

  Online published: 2022-10-17

Abstract

This experiment aimed to explore the effects of β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) on fat metabolism and adiponectin (ADPN) secretion of yak adipocytes under starvation, so as to enrich the regulation theory of yak fat metabolism at the cellular level. The adipose tissue of four male Maiwa yaks aged about 1 year old with similar and healthy body condition were used to obtain yak primary adipocytes by enzyme digestion method and cocktail induced differentiation method. After co-treatment with different concentrations of BHBA and serum starvation, the adipogenesis situation, the expression of key enzymes of fat metabolism and ADPN secretion were detected. The results showed that, under starvation, the quantitative staining value[optical density (OD) value] of oil red O of lipid droplets was significantly increased when the concentration of BHBA was>4 mmol/L (P<0.05). The detection of key enzymes of fat catabolism showed that 32 mmol/L BHBA could significantly decrease the gene expression levels and concentrations of acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX) and hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL) under starvation (P<0.05). The detection of transcription factors related to fat catabolism showed that 4, 8, 16 and 32 mmol/L BHBA could significantly decrease the gene and protein expression levels of fork head box protein O1 (FoxO1) under starvation (P<0.05), but there was no dose-dependent effect; under starvation 4, 8 and 16 mmol/L BHBA could significantly promote the protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), but 32 mmol/L could significantly inhibit the gene and protein expression of PPARα (P<0.05). The detection of key enzymes of fat anabolism showed that the concentrations of acetyl coa carboxylase (ACACA) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) were significantly increased when the concentration of BHBA was 32 mmol/L (P<0.05), while the concentration of fatty acid synthase (FASN) was significantly increased when the concentration of BHBA were 8, 16 and 32 mmol/L under starvation (P<0.05). The detection of transcription factors related to fat anabolism found that 32 mmol/L BHBA could significantly promote the gene expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) under starvation (P<0.05), and 4, 8, 16 and 32 mmol/L BHBA could significantly increase the concentrations of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c) (P<0.05), but there was no dose-dependent effect. The detection of ADPN and G-protein coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A) showed that the gene expression levels of ADPN and GPR109A were significantly decreased after treatment with high concentration of BHBA (32 mmol/L) (P<0.05), but they were promoted by low concentration of BHBA (P<0.05). In conclusion, under the condition of this experiment, 32 mmol/L BHBA can inhibit the fat catabolism and enhance the fat anabolism of yak adipocytes; low concentration BHBA can promote the secretion of ADPN in yak adipocytes, while high concentration BHBA (>8 mmol/L) can inhibit the secretion of ADPN.

Cite this article

SHI Junhua , WANG Sen , WANG Zhisheng , HU Rui , WANG Junmei , GUO Yixin , ZHANG Xiaohong , SHI Liyuan , ZOU Huawei , PENG Quanhui , XUE Bai , WANG Lizhi . Effects of β-Hydroxybutyric Acid on Fat Metabolism and Adiponectin Secretion in Yak Adipocytes[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(9) : 5902 -5914 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.09.044

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