RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of Different Processing Technologies of Soybean Meal on Pellet Feed Processing Characteristics, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Immune Indices of Meat Rabbits

  • LI Xinnan ,
  • CONG Xueyan ,
  • YANG Guiqin ,
  • LI Fangfang ,
  • LIANG Liping ,
  • QUAN Zhizhong
Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
    2. Liaoning Complete Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tieling 112600, China;
    3. Liaoning Feed Pre-Digested Technology Innovation Center, Tieling 112600, China

Received date: 2022-04-06

  Online published: 2022-10-17

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different processing technologies of soybean meal on pellet feed processing characteristics, nutrient apparent digestibility and serum immune indices of meat rabbits. A single factor randomized trial design was used to prepare 5 diets, and the only variable in the diets was different processing technologies of soybean meal, which were 10% ordinary soybean meal (OS), 10% extruded soybean meal (ES), 10% enzyme-hydrolyzed soybean meal (EhS), 5% ordinary soybean meal+5% extruded soybean meal (OES) and 5% ordinary soybean meal+5% enzyme-hydrolyzed soybean meal (OEhS), respectively. A total of 150 male Ila meat rabbits of 70-day-old with an average body weight of (1.78±0.13) kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 15 replicates per group and 2 rabbits per replicate. Meat rabbits in 5 groups were fed the above different diets, respectively. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the hardness of pellet feed in OEhS group was the highest, which was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05); and the pellet pulverization rate in OEhS group was the lowest, which was significantly lower than that in OS group and EhS group (P < 0.05). 2) The gross energy apparent digestibility of meat rabbits in ES group and EhS group was significantly higher than that in OS group, OES group and OEhS group (P < 0.05), the crude protein (CP) apparent digestibility in OEhS group was significantly higher than that in OS group and ES group (P < 0.05), and the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in OEhS group was significantly higher than that in ES group, EhS group and OES group (P < 0.05). 3) The serum total protein content of meat rabbits in OS group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05), and the serum albumin content in OS group and OES group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The serum immunoglobulin A content of meat rabbits in OEhS group was significantly lower than that in EhS group and OES group (P < 0.05), and the serum immunoglobulin G content in OS group was significantly higher than that in EhS group and OEhS group (P < 0.05). The serum complement 3 content in EhS group was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P < 0.05), and the serum complement 4 content in ES group was significantly higher than that in OS group and OEhS group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, dietary 5% ordinary soybean meal+5% enzyme-hydrolyzed soybean meal can improve pellet feed hardness, reduce pulverization rate, improve apparent digestibility of dietary CP, NDF and ADF, and reduce immune response of meat rabbits, so as to obtain better pellet feed quality and feeding effect.

Cite this article

LI Xinnan , CONG Xueyan , YANG Guiqin , LI Fangfang , LIANG Liping , QUAN Zhizhong . Effects of Different Processing Technologies of Soybean Meal on Pellet Feed Processing Characteristics, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Immune Indices of Meat Rabbits[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(10) : 6677 -6686 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.10.060

References

[1] 游金明,李德发.大豆抗营养因子研究进展[J].饲料与畜牧,2006(9):40-43. YOU J M,LI D F.Research progress of anti-nutrient factors in soybean[J].Feed and Husbandry,2006(9):40-43.(in Chinese)
[2] L'ANSON K A,CHOCT M,BROOKS P H,et al.Effect of feed processing and enzyme supplementation on diet digestibility and performance of male weaner pigs fed wheat-based diets in dry or liquid form[J].Animal Production Science,2013,53(6):531-539.  
[3] 孙常灿,何晓丽,杨容,等.大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂微生物发酵灭活研究[J].畜禽业,2007(6):50-52. SUN C C,HE X L,YANG R,et al.Inactivation of soybean trypsin inhibitor by fermentation with microoganism[J].Livestock and Poultry Industry,2007(6):50-52.(in Chinese)
[4] 丁小玲,李吕木,许发芝,等.固态发酵菜籽粕替代膨化豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2011,16(4):107-112. DING X L,LI L M,XU F Z,et al.Effects of solid-state fermented rapeseed meal replacing expanding soybean meal on the growth performance and the blood biochemical parameters in weaned piglets[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2011,16(4):107-112.(in Chinese)
[5] 徐学明,刘亚军.热处理全脂大豆的品质评价[J].饲料与畜牧,2006(8):29-31. XU X M,LIU Y J.Quality evaluation of heat-treated full-fat soybean[J].Feed and Husbandry,2006(8):29-31.(in Chinese)
[6] STEIN H H,SōVE B,FULLER M F,et al.Invited review:amino acid bioavailability and digestibility in pig feed ingredients:terminology and application[J].Journal of Animal Science,2007,85(1):172-180.  
[7] HTOO J K,MENG X,PATIENCE J F,et al.Effects of coextrusion of flaxseed and field pea on the digestibility of energy,ether extract,fatty acids,protein,and amino acids in grower-finisher pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(11):2942-2951.  
[8] ROJAS O J,VINYETA E,STEIN H H.Effects of pelleting,extrusion,or extrusion and pelleting on energy and nutrient digestibility in diets containing different levels of fiber and fed to growing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2016,94(5):1951-1960.  
[9] LIAO K Y,CAI J Y,SHI Z J,et al.Effects of raw material extrusion and steam conditioning on feed pellet quality and nutrient digestibility of growing meat rabbits[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(2):151-155.  
[10] PLAHAR W A,OKEZIE B O,GYATO C K.Development of a high protein weaning food by extrusion cooking using peanuts,maize and soybeans[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2003,58(3):1-12.
[11] OMOHIMI C I,SOBUKOLA O P,SARAFADEEN K O,et al.Effect of process parameters on the proximate composition,functional and sensory properties[J].International Journal of Nutrition and Food Engineering,2013,7(4):269-271.
[12] PETTEY L A,CARTER S D,SENNE B W,et al.Effects of beta-mannanase addition to corn-soybean meal diets on growth performance,carcass traits,and nutrient digestibility of weanling and growing-finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80(4):1012-1019.  
[13] OMOGBENIGUN F O,NYACHOTI C M,SLOMINSKI B A.Dietary supplementation with multienzyme preparations improves nutrient utilization and growth performance in weaned pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(4):1053-1061.  
[14] KIM S W,ZHANG J H,SOLTWEDEL K T,et al.Use of carbohydrases in corn-soybean meal based grower-finisher pig diets[J].Animal Research,2006,55(6):563-578.  
[15] 龚阿琼,高震,陈敬帮,等.不同酶制剂对豆粕中抗原蛋白的影响[J].中国饲料,2019(23):120-123. GONG A Q,GAO Z,CHEN J B,et al.The influence of different enzyme preparation of antigen protein in soybean meal[J].China Feed,2019(23):120-123.(in Chinese)
[16] 魏凤仙,高方,李绍钰,等.膨化法与微生物发酵处理法对豆粕营养价值的影响[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(4):123-127. WEI F X,GAO F,LI S Y,et al.Effects of extrusion and fermentation treatment methods on nutritional value of soybean meal[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2014,43(4):123-127.(in Chinese)
[17] 魏金涛,赵娜,李绍章,等.复合酶酶解豆粕营养成分变化规律研究[J].中国粮油学报,2014,29(1):17-20,25. WEI J T,ZHAO N,LI S Z,et al.Influence of complex enzyme enzymolysis on the nutrient contents of soybean meal[J].Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2014,29(1):17-20,25.(in Chinese)
[18] 李福昌.家兔营养[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009:167-170. LI F C.Nutrition of the rabbit[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2009:167-170.(in Chinese)
[19] 张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].4版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2016:260-261. ZHANG L Y.Feed analysis and quality test technology[M].4th ed.Beijing:China Agricultural University Press,2016:260-261.(in Chinese)
[20] 陶丽娟,张艳春,李建涛,等.玉米胚芽粕对肉仔鸡的代谢能和回肠氨基酸表观消化率的测定[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2020,51(6):741-746. TAO L J,ZHANG Y C,LI J T,et al.Determination of metabolic energy and apparent digestibility of amino acids in ileum of corn germ meal in broilers[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,2020,51(6):741-746.(in Chinese)
[21] BEHNKE K C.Feed manufacturing technology:current issues and challenges[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1996,62(1):49-57.  
[22] ACEDO-RICO J,MÉNDEZ J,SANTOM G.Feed manufacturing[M]//BLAS C D,WISEMAN J.Nutrition of the rabbit.2nd ed.Cambridge:CABI,2010.
[23] ANUONYE J C,JIGAM A A,NDACEKO G M.Effects of extrusion-cooking on the nutrient and anti-nutrient composition of pigeon pea and unripe plantain blends[J].Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science,2012,2(5):158-162.
[24] MARTÍN-CABREJAS M A,JAIME L,KARANJA C,et al.Modifications to physicochemical and nutritional properties of hard-to-cook beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by extrusion cooking[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1999,47(3):1174-1182.  
[25] 孙杰.断奶仔猪颗粒料加工工艺比较研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2014. SUN J.Comparative studies of the different processing technologies on the weaned piglet's feed pellet[D].Master's Thesis.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2014.(in Chinese)
[26] 赵丹阳,李军国,秦玉昌,等.玉米和豆粕不同粉碎粒度组合对颗粒加工质量和肉鸡生长性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(10):4553-4562. ZHAO D Y,LI J G,QIN Y C,et al.Effects of different crushing particle size combination of corn and soybean meal on processing quality of granules and growth performance of broilers[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(10):4553-4562.(in Chinese)
[27] 程慧,王梅,杨振才.膨化大豆的保温时间对抗营养因子和蛋白质溶解度的影响[J].中国饲料,2020(11):7-10. CHENG H,WANG M,YANG Z C.The effect of heat preservation time of expanded soybean on nutrient factor and protein solubility[J].China Feed,2020(11):7-10.(in Chinese)
[28] 王诗琦,陈雪娇,梁丽萍,等.饲粮添加酶解蛋白肽对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2022,34(2):839-851. WANG S Q,CHEN X J,LIANG L P,et al.Effects of dietary enzymatic protein peptide on growth performance,serum immune indices and intestinal flora of weaned piglets[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):839-851.(in Chinese)
[29] MA X K,SHANG Q H,WANG Q Q,et al.Comparative effects of enzymolytic soybean meal and antibiotics in diets on growth performance,antioxidant capacity,immunity,and intestinal barrier function in weaned pigs[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2019,248:47-58.
[30] ERDAW M M,PEREZ-MALDONADO R A,IJI P A.Apparent and standardized ileal nutrient digestibility of broiler diets containing varying levels of raw full-fat soybean and microbial protease[J].Journal of Animal Science and Technology,2017,59:23.
[31] PARK S,LEE J J,YANG B M,et al.Dietary protease improves growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science and Technology,2020,62(1):21-30.  
[32] BORDA-MOLINA D,ZUBER T,SIEGERT W,et al.Effects of protease and phytase supplements on small intestinal microbiota and amino acid digestibility in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2019,98(7):2906-2918.  
[33] MAHMOOD T,MIRZA M A,NAWAZ H,et al.Effect of different exogenous proteases on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and carcass response in broiler chickens fed poultry by-product meal-based diets[J].Livestock Science,2017,200:71-75.
[34] 孙海涛,杨丽萍,姜文学,等.发酵豆粕对断奶-2月龄肉兔生长发育、血清生化及肠道发育的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(8):131-135. SUN H T,YANG L P,JIANG W X,et al.Effects of fermented soybean meal on growth performance,serum biochemistry and intestinal development of weaner to two-month-old growing meat rabbits[J].Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2017,49(8):131-135.(in Chinese)
[35] 孙培鑫,陈代文,余冰,等.去皮膨化豆粕对早期断奶仔猪免疫机能和血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(15):31-35. SUN P X,CHEN D W,YU B,et al.Effect of flay extruded soybean meal on immune function and biochemical indicators in serum of piglets[J].Feed Industry,2007,28(15):31-35.(in Chinese)
[36] WANG D,ZENG Z K,PIAO X S,et al.Effects of keratinase supplementation of corn-soybean meal based diets on apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in growing pigs and serum amino acids,cytokines,immunoglobulin levels and loin muscle area in nursery pigs[J].Archives of Animal Nutrition,2011,65(4):290-302.  
[37] LU J F,ZHANG X Y,LIU Y H,et al.Effect of fermented corn-soybean meal on serum immunity,the expression of genes related to gut immunity,gut microbiota,and bacterial metabolites in grower-finisher pigs[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2019,10:2620.
[38] ZHU J J,GAO M X,ZHANG R L,et al.Effects of soybean meal fermented by L. plantarum,B. subtilis and S. cerevisieae on growth,immune function and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets[J].Microbial Cell Factories,2017,16(1):191.
Outlines

/