RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of Partial Replacement of Whole Corn Silage by Rice Straw on Rumen Microflora Structure and Functional Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Dairy Cows

  • REN Wenyi ,
  • YE Wenxing ,
  • TIAN Mei ,
  • YANG Shuangming ,
  • ZHANG Lili ,
  • XU Xiaofeng
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  • College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received date: 2022-04-20

  Online published: 2022-11-14

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rice straw replacing partial whole corn silage on rumen microflora composition, differentially expressed genes, metabolic pathways and carbohydrate active enzymes of dairy cows. Eight healthy Chinese Holstein dairy cows with similar body weight in late lactation were randomly divided into CS group (roughage consisted of alfalfa, alfalfa silage and whole corn silage) and RS group (rice straw replaced 1/3 of whole corn silage, other components unchanged) with 4 replicates per group and 1 cow per replicate. The pre-feeding period lasted for 14 days and the formal period lasted for 7 days. The results showed as follows:1) at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Euryarchaeota in CS group was significantly lower than that in RS group (P<0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundances of Rhizophagus, Methanobrevibacter and Fibrobacter in CS group were significantly lower than those in RS group (P<0.05). 2) A total of 6 638 differentially expressed genes were screened in rumen between the two groups, among which 2 777 genes were up-regulated and 3 861 genes were down-regulated. By GO analysis, differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in biosynthetic process, organic substance biosynthetic process, cellular biosynthetic process and cellular metabolic process. According to KEGG metabolic pathway analysis, differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in citrate cycle metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, methane metabolism and volatile fatty acid metabolism pathways. 3) Based on the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family analysis, the abundances of differentially expressed genes of cellulase degrading enzymes GH48 and hemicellulose degrading enzymes GH8, GH11 and GH16 in CS group were significantly lower than those in RS group (P<0.05), and the abundances of differentially expressed genes of oligosaccharide degrading enzymes GH43, GH3, GH2 and GH31 in CS group were higher than those in RS group (P>0.05). In conclusion, the composition of rumen microbial community of dairy cows is changed by rice straw replacing partial whole corn silage, and the abundances of fiber-degrading bacteria such as Ruminococcus and Fibrobacter are increased, and the abundance of Methanobrevibacter related to methane emission is increased. The differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in citrate cycle metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, methane metabolism and volatile fatty acid metabolism pathways. In the change of carbohydrate active enzymes, the abundances of GH family genes in rumen microorganisms of dairy cows involved in cellulose and hemicellulose degradation are increased, and the abundances of GH family genes involved in oligosaccharide degradation are decreased by rice straw replacing partial whole corn silage.

Cite this article

REN Wenyi , YE Wenxing , TIAN Mei , YANG Shuangming , ZHANG Lili , XU Xiaofeng . Effects of Partial Replacement of Whole Corn Silage by Rice Straw on Rumen Microflora Structure and Functional Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Dairy Cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(11) : 7177 -7189 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.11.036

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