RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of Dietary Tryptophan Level on Feather Damage, Performance and Kynurenine Metabolism of Laying Breeders in Natural Mating Cage

  • LIU Meng ,
  • HUANG Chenxuan ,
  • CHEN Yifan ,
  • WANG Dehe ,
  • SHI Lei ,
  • HAO Erying ,
  • ZENG Dan ,
  • CHEN Hui
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
    2. Huayu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Handan 057150, China

Received date: 2022-05-07

  Online published: 2022-12-15

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary tryptophan level on feather damage, performance and kynurenine metabolism of laying breeders in natural mating cage. A 2×3 two-factor experimental design was adopted in this experiment, according to the two degrees of feather damage (intact feather and severely damaged feather) and three dietary tryptophan levels (0.16%, 0.24% and 0.32%). A total of 1 080 Hy-Line Brown laying breeders at the age of 64 weeks that kept in natural mating cage with good health and similar body weight were selected, and divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 hens per replicate. The pre-feeding period lasted for 1 week, and the formal period lasted for 4 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) the average daily feed intake (ADFI) in severely damaged feather group was significantly higher than that in intact feather group (P<0.05). The ADFI in 0.24% group was significantly higher than that in 0.16% group and 0.32% group (P<0.05), and it in 0.16% group was significantly higher than that in 0.32% group (P<0.05). 2) The albumen height and Haugh unit in 0.24% group were significantly higher than those in 0.16% group and 0.32% group (P<0.05). 3) The whole feather score at weeks 1 to 4 in intact feather group was significantly higher than that in severely damaged feather group (P<0.05). The whole feather score at weeks 1 to 4 in 0.24% group was significantly higher than those in 0.16% group and 0.32% group (P<0.05), and the whole feather score at weeks 1 to 3 in 0.32% group was significantly higher than those in 0.16% group (P<0.05). 4) The frequency of object pecking behavior in intact feather group was significantly higher than that in severely damaged feather group (P<0.05), and the frequencies of object gazing and feather pecking behaviors were significantly lower than those in severely damaged feather group (P<0.05). The frequencies of land pecking, object pecking, object gazing and feather pecking behaviors in 0.24% group significantly lower than those in 0.16% group and 0.32% group (P<0.05). 5) The concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), kynurenic acid (KYNA) and tryptophan in plasma in intact feather group were significantly higher than those in severely damaged feather group (P<0.05). Dietary tryptophan level significantly affected the concentrations of 5-HT, KYNA, 3-hydroxy-kynurenine (3-HK), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), quinolinic acid (QUIN) and tryptophan in plasma (P<0.05). The plasma 3-HK concentration in 0.24% group was significantly lower than that in other two groups (P<0.05). The plasma 5-HT and tryptophan concentrations in 0.24% group were significantly higher than those in 0.16% group (P<0.05). The plasma KYNA concentration in 0.24% group was significantly higher than that in other two groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, feather damage can reduce the feather score of laying breeders and increase the frequency of feather pecking behavior. Suitably increasing dietary tryptophan level (dietary tryptophan level is 0.24%) can improve performance and feather coverage of laying breeders by enhancing plasma 5-HT metabolic pathway, increasing feed intake, reducing neurotoxicity, alleviating feather pecking and other stress behaviors.

Cite this article

LIU Meng , HUANG Chenxuan , CHEN Yifan , WANG Dehe , SHI Lei , HAO Erying , ZENG Dan , CHEN Hui . Effects of Dietary Tryptophan Level on Feather Damage, Performance and Kynurenine Metabolism of Laying Breeders in Natural Mating Cage[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(12) : 7770 -7780 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.12.028

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