1 材料与方法
1.1 菌株的来源及培养
1.2 重离子束12C6+辐照诱变
1.3 突变株的筛选
1.4 突变株的遗传稳定性试验
1.5 突变株微胶囊壁材的选择及制备
1.6 微胶囊稳定性研究
1.7 数据统计与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 辐照剂量对存活率的影响
2.2 突变株的筛选
表1 重离子束辐照诱变La 4017筛选突变株Table 1 Screening mutant strains of La 4017 mutated by heavy ion-beam irradiation |
| 辐照剂量 Irradiation doses/Gy | 菌株编号 Strain number | MRS筛选培养基 Screening medium of MRS | 40 ℃存活率 Survival rate at 40 ℃/% | 44 ℃存活率 Survival rate at 44 ℃/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | La 4017 | - | 82.3±1.3 | 38.5±2.6 |
| 50 | La 4017-b1 | + | 90.2±0.6 | 82.7±0.3 |
| 50 | La 4017-b2 | + | 92.6±0.7 | 81.2±0.6 |
| 75 | La 4017-c1 | + | 95.3±1.2 | 80.3±1.1 |
| 75 | La 4017-c2 | + | 94.6±1.1 | 86.9±0.6 |
| 100 | La 4017-d1 | + | 95.6±0.9 | 92.3±0.6 |
| 100 | La 4017-d2 | + | 93.3±0.3 | 86.5±0.3 |
| 100 | La 4017-d3 | + | 94.6±0.4 | 82.3±0.1 |
“-”表示无法生长,“+”表示可以生长。 | |
“-” means it cannot grow, “+” means it can grow. |
2.3 突变株La 4017-d1的遗传稳定性
2.4 突变株La 4017-d1微胶囊的制备
表2 不同壁材包埋微胶囊特性Table 2 Characteristics of microcapsules in different wall materials |
| 微胶囊 Microcapsules | 30粒重量 Weight of 30 grains/g | 直径 Diameter/ mm | 总质量 Total quality/g | 活菌数 Viable bacteria count/(×107 CFU/g) | 包埋率 Embedding rate/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 海藻酸钠Sodium alginate | 0.44±0.03a | 2.860±0.036a | 14.55±0.04a | 1.23±0.01c | 68.05±0.03c |
| 海藻酸钠+明胶Sodium alginate+gelatin | 0.43±0.01a | 2.862±0.021a | 14.60±0.03a | 0.87±0.04a | 48.28±0.11a |
| 海藻酸钠+聚丙烯酰胺 Sodium alginate+polyacrylamide | 0.67±0.01c | 2.881±0.011a | 14.84±0.03a | 1.36±0.01d | 76.72±0.01d |
| 海藻酸钠+壳聚糖 Sodium alginate+chitosan | 0.50±0.02ab | 2.824±0.036a | 14.38±0.11a | 1.04±0.01b | 56.84±0.09b |
| 海藻酸钠+聚乙烯醇 Sodium alginate+polyvinyl alcohol | 0.77±0.06d | 2.887±0.073a | 14.79±0.08a | 1.47±0.02e | 82.67±0.03e |
| 海藻酸钠+聚乙烯醇+活性炭 Sodium alginate+polyvinyl alcohol+ active carbon | 0.87±0.02e | 3.621±0.031b | 15.74±0.01b | 1.29±0.03c | 77.20±0.04d |
同列数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
Values in the same column with different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.5 突变株La 4017-d1微胶囊的稳定性
表3 不同壁材包埋微胶囊的稳定性Table 3 Stability of microcapsules in different wall materials % |
| 微胶囊 Microcapsules | 模拟胃液中 1 h后存活率 Survival rate in simulated gastric juice after 1 h | 模拟胃液中 2 h后存活率 Survival rate in simulated gastric juice after 2 h | 模拟胃液中3 h 后存活率 Survival rate in simulated gastric juice after 3 h | 模拟肠液中 0.5 h后释放率 Release rate in simulated intestinal juice after 0.5 h | 模拟肠液中 1.0 h后释放率 Release rate in simulated intestinal juice after 1.0 h | 模拟肠液中 1.5 h后释放率 Release rate in simulated intestinal juice after 1.5 h | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 海藻酸钠 Sodium alginate | 56.37±0.12a | 40.65±0.12a | 38.35±0.11a | 85.10±0.13e | 91.49±0.01d | 93.61±0.04b | |||||||
| 海藻酸钠+明胶 Sodium alginate+gelatin | 62.45±0.08b | 46.85±0.02b | 42.31±0.12b | 32.43±0.01a | 64.86±0.01a | 89.19±0.01a | |||||||
| 海藻酸钠+聚丙烯酰胺 Sodium alginate+ polyacrylamide | 68.56±0.25d | 65.36±0.22d | 60.13±0.26d | 60.81±0.02b | 83.78±0.03b | 94.59±0.01c | |||||||
| 海藻酸钠+壳聚糖 Sodium alginate+ chitosan | 65.32±0.14c | 56.35±0.09c | 51.23±0.07c | 60.37±0.05b | 86.79±0.04c | 94.34±0.02c | |||||||
| 微胶囊 Microcapsules | 模拟胃液中 1 h后存活率 Survival rate in simulated gastric juice after 1 h | 模拟胃液中 2 h后存活率 Survival rate in simulated gastric juice after 2 h | 模拟胃液中3 h 后存活率 Survival rate in simulated gastric juice after 3 h | 模拟肠液中 0.5 h后释放率 Release rate in simulated intestinal juice after 0.5 h | 模拟肠液中 1.0 h后释放率 Release rate in simulated intestinal juice after 1.0 h | 模拟肠液中 1.5 h后释放率 Release rate in simulated intestinal juice after 1.5 h | |||||||
| 海藻酸钠+聚乙烯醇 Sodium alginate+ polyvinyl alcohol | 78.32±0.01e | 70.12±0.11f | 68.02±0.15e | 82.18±0.05d | 95.05±0.08e | 96.04±0.01d | |||||||
| 海藻酸钠+聚乙烯醇+ 活性炭 Sodium alginate+ polyvinyl alcohol+ active carbon | 83.25±0.15f | 69.02±0.16e | 60.00±0.11d | 80.52±0.03c | 85.71±0.01c | 94.40±0.07c |
