1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.1.1 试验试剂
1.1.2 主要仪器
1.2 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析条件
1.2.1 色谱条件
表1 色谱分离梯度洗脱程序Table 1 Gradient elution program for chromatographic separation |
| 时间 Time/min | 流动相A Mobile phase A/% | 流动相B Mobile phase B/% | 曲线类型 Curve type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 98 | 2 | 6 |
| 1.0 | 98 | 2 | 6 |
| 2.5 | 10 | 90 | 6 |
| 4.5 | 98 | 2 | 6 |
| 5.0 | 98 | 2 | 6 |
1.2.2 质谱条件
表2 质谱分析条件Table 2 Conditions for MS analysis |
| 林可胺类药物 Lincosamides | 母离子 Precursor ion/(m/z) | 子离子 Daughter ion/(m/z) | 锥孔电压 Cone voltage/V | 碰撞能量 Collision energy/V |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 林可霉素 Lincomycin | 407.4 | 126.2a 359.5 | 10 | 26 18 |
| 克林霉素 Clindamycin | 425.4 | 126.2a 377.4 | 14 | 28 20 |
| 克林霉素磷酸酯 Clindamycin phosphate | 505.2 | 126.2a 457.4 | 30 | 34 24 |
| 吡利霉素 Pirlimycin | 411.2 | 112.2a 363.3 | 28 | 28 18 |
a为定量离子对。 | |
a was quantitative ion pair. |
1.3 样品的前处理
1.3.1 提取
1.3.2 净化
1.4 标准曲线的制作
1.5 方法的准确度与精密度
1.6 数据处理与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 流动相的组成
2.2 质谱条件
2.3 提取液的确定
2.4 净化条件的优化
2.5 基质的影响
表3 不同饲料基质中林可胺类药物的标准曲线与相关系数和基质效应Table 3 Calibration curves, regression coefficient and matrix effects of lincosamides in different feed substrates |
| 样品 Samples | 林可霉素标准曲线与相关系数 Calibration curve and regression coefficient of lincomycin | 基质效应 Matrix effect | 克林霉素标准曲线与相关系数 Calibration curve and regression coefficient of clindamycin | 基质效应 Matrix effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 溶剂标准工作溶液 Calibration solvent prepared using mobile phase | y=778.3x+760.9,R2=0.999 9 | y=2 244.4x+1 678.8,R2=0.999 9 | ||
| 鸡配合饲料 Compound feed for chicken | y=759.3x+743.4,R2=0.999 6 | 0.976 | y=2 102.8x+1 547.2,R2=0.999 6 | 0.937 |
| 鸡浓缩饲料 Concentrated feed for chicken | y=776.9x+589.1,R2=0.999 9 | 0.998 | y=2 212.6x+1 810.4,R2=0.999 9 | 0.986 |
| 鸡预混合饲料 Premixed feed for chicken | y=750.1x+949.6,R2=0.999 2 | 0.964 | y=2 013.0x+1 832.5,R2=0.999 4 | 0.897 |
| 猪配合饲料 Compound feed for pig | y=772.4x+1 031.4,R2=0.999 9 | 0.992 | y=2 270.6x+1 868.0,R2=0.999 8 | 1.012 |
| 猪预混合饲料 Premixed feed for pig | y=779.2x+1 249.8,R2=0.999 2 | 1.001 | y=2 012.2x+2 721.3,R2=0.999 4 | 0.897 |
| 奶牛精料补充料 Concentrated feed for cow | y=748.5x+1 115.0,R2=0.999 9 | 0.962 | y=2 227.0x+1 993.9,R2=0.999 7 | 0.992 |
| 溶剂标准工作溶液 Calibration solvent prepared using mobile phase | y=272.9x+142.7,R2=0.999 6 | y=1 873.6x+1 056.8,R2=0.999 9 | ||
| 鸡配合饲料 Compound feed for chicken | y=270.6x+551.0,R2=0.999 0 | 0.992 | y=1 924.0x+950.9,R2=0.999 9 | 1.027 |
| 鸡浓缩饲料 Concentrated feed for chicken | y=274.2x+449.5,R2=0.998 5 | 1.005 | y=1 789.9x+1 315.8,R2=0.999 9 | 0.955 |
| 鸡预混合饲料 Premixed feed for chicken | y=254.0x+544.3,R2=0.997 8 | 0.931 | y=1 666.7x+1 424.8,R2=0.999 9 | 0.889 |
| 猪配合饲料 Compound feed for pig | y=255.7x+534.4,R2=0.998 9 | 0.937 | y=1 904.3x+1 651.6,R2=0.999 8 | 1.016 |
| 猪预混合饲料 Premixed feed for pig | y=267.4x+604.6,R2=0.997 2 | 0.980 | y=1 643.3x+877.2,R2=0.999 9 | 0.877 |
| 奶牛精料补充料 Concentrated feed for cow | y=266.6x+740.0,R2=0.998 0 | 0.977 | y=1 711.4x+1 467.3,R2=0.999 8 | 0.913 |
2.6 线性关系和线性范围
2.7 检出限和定量限
2.8 方法的准确度和精密度
表4 饲料样品中的林可胺类药物回收率Table 4 Recovery rate of lincosamides in feed samples (n=6)% |
| 林可胺类 药物 Lincosamides | 添加水平 Spiking level | 鸡配合饲料 Compound feed for chicken | 鸡预混合饲料 Premixed feed for chicken | 鸡浓缩饲料 Concentrated feed for chicken | 猪配合饲料 Compound feed for pig | 猪预混合饲料 Premixed feed for pig | 奶牛精料补充料 Concentrate supplement for cow | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 回收率 Recovery rate | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 回收率 Recovery rate | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 回收率 Recovery rate | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 回收率 Recovery rate | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 回收率 Recovery rate | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 回收率 Recovery rate | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | |||||||||||||||
| 林可霉素 Lincomycin | 40 μg/kg | 91.6 | 5.8 | 103.5 | 2.6 | 97.7 | 7.1 | 97.8 | 7.1 | 89.1 | 7.8 | 98.4 | 6.3 | |||||||||||||
| 400 μg/kg | 87.6 | 4.7 | 86.4 | 4.1 | 99.8 | 2.9 | 92.6 | 1.5 | 82.9 | 4.5 | 99.1 | 4.0 | ||||||||||||||
| 4 mg/kg | 95.8 | 3.8 | 90.6 | 3.9 | 92.5 | 6.7 | 93.7 | 4.4 | 90.7 | 4.9 | 101.5 | 6.3 | ||||||||||||||
| 100 mg/kg | 96.5 | 4.9 | 98.8 | 4.3 | 98.7 | 5.5 | 99.1 | 4.9 | 98.7 | 5.2 | 98.7 | 5.2 | ||||||||||||||
| 克林霉素 Clincomycin | 40 μg/kg | 97.1 | 7.7 | 94.4 | 8.9 | 104.3 | 6.1 | 95.4 | 8.4 | 89.5 | 5.6 | 98.1 | 6.8 | |||||||||||||
| 400 μg/kg | 92.3 | 4.1 | 86.0 | 5.4 | 107.6 | 7.6 | 88.6 | 2.4 | 81.5 | 3.1 | 99.6 | 1.6 | ||||||||||||||
| 4 mg/kg | 95.2 | 6.7 | 92.0 | 6.6 | 98.6 | 4.0 | 101.1 | 3.4 | 94.4 | 3.5 | 98.0 | 3.5 | ||||||||||||||
| 100 mg/kg | 93.6 | 7.0 | 98.4 | 5.6 | 99.9 | 5.3 | 98.3 | 4.2 | 101.6 | 2.6 | 98.3 | 3.8 | ||||||||||||||
| 克林霉素磷酸酯 Clincomycin phoshpate | 40 μg/kg | 97.7 | 4.6 | 97.3 | 7.7 | 102.9 | 3.3 | 97.0 | 7.7 | 98.4 | 3.7 | 97.8 | 4.5 | |||||||||||||
| 400 μg/kg | 100.3 | 3.9 | 89.4 | 7.5 | 88.9 | 5.4 | 94.0 | 6.0 | 97.0 | 4.0 | 93.1 | 4.1 | ||||||||||||||
| 4 mg/kg | 96.3 | 6.5 | 98.5 | 6.6 | 92.3 | 3.5 | 97.5 | 5.8 | 100.6 | 2.9 | 98.9 | 3.3 | ||||||||||||||
| 100 mg/kg | 100.2 | 2.9 | 93.3 | 4.0 | 96.6 | 2.5 | 98.7 | 4.0 | 98.8 | 2.0 | 100.3 | 3.5 | ||||||||||||||
| 吡利霉素 Pirlimycin | 40 μg/kg | 100.8 | 2.8 | 94.2 | 8.9 | 97.8 | 8.8 | 93.3 | 6.9 | 93.3 | 7.1 | 101.2 | 3.5 | |||||||||||||
| 400 μg/kg | 95.2 | 6.5 | 97.6 | 8.5 | 98.1 | 7.5 | 98.9 | 1.5 | 90.8 | 1.4 | 97.9 | 4.5 | ||||||||||||||
| 4 mg/kg | 103.3 | 6.6 | 95.3 | 4.3 | 101.0 | 5.6 | 93.0 | 6.6 | 91.7 | 9.2 | 91.2 | 9.8 | ||||||||||||||
| 100 mg/kg | 98.9 | 4.8 | 96.8 | 4.0 | 99.8 | 4.9 | 99.6 | 3.2 | 101.3 | 3.9 | 101.3 | 3.7 | ||||||||||||||
