1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验设计
1.3 饲养管理及饲粮
表1 饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of diets (air-dry basis)% |
| 项目 Items | CK组 CK group | FG组 FG group | AG组 AG group | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 原料 Ingredients | ||||
| 玉米 Corn | 22.40 | 23.40 | 22.40 | |
| 豆粕 Soybean meal | 5.00 | 5.00 | ||
| 麸皮 Wheat bran | 11.60 | 11.60 | ||
| 棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal | 15.60 | |||
| 苜蓿颗粒 Alfalfa grain | 24.80 | 24.80 | ||
| 稻草 Straw | 34.30 | 34.30 | ||
| 棉籽壳 Cottonseed hull | 59.10 | |||
| 磷酸氢钙 CaHPO4 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | |
| 石粉 Limestone | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | |
| 食盐 NaCl | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | |
| 预混料Premix1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 合计 Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | |
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels2) | ||||
| 干物质 DM | 90.78 | 91.87 | 90.78 | |
| 代谢能 ME/(MJ/kg) | 8.83 | 8.60 | 8.83 | |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 13.02 | 12.78 | 13.02 | |
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 50.97 | 54.30 | 50.97 | |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 32.97 | 36.42 | 32.97 | |
| 钙 Ca | 0.60 | 0.45 | 0.60 | |
| 磷 P | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | |
| 棉酚 Gossypol/(mg/kg)3) | 524.12 | 524.12 | ||
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of diets:VE 30 mg,VD3 600 IU,VA1 800 IU,Se(as sodium selenite) 0.15 mg,I(as potassium iodide) 0.60 mg,Fe(as ferrous sulfate) 65 mg,Mn(as manganese sulfate) 28 mg,Zn(as zinc sulfate) 45 mg,Cu(as copper sulfate) 12 mg。 2)代谢能根据原料组成计算所得,其余为实测值。ME was calculated based on the composition of raw materials, while the others were measured values. |
1.4 样品收集及处理
1.5 指标测定
1.5.1 生长性能测定
1.5.2 营养物质表观消化率测定
1.5.3 棉酚代谢指标测定
1.6 数据统计
2 结果
2.1 2种来源棉酚饲粮对多浪羊生长性能的影响
表2 2种来源棉酚饲粮对多浪羊生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of two sources of gossypol diets on growth performance in Dolang sheep |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FG | AG | |||
| 干物质采食量 DMI/(kg/d) | 1.09 | 1.16 | 1.01 | 0.034 | 0.185 |
| 平均日增重 ADG/(g/d) | 104.44 | 80.56 | 81.39 | 5.406 | 0.119 |
| 料重比 F/G | 10.70b | 15.80a | 12.59ab | 0.858 | 0.038 |
2.2 2种来源棉酚饲粮对多浪羊营养物质表观消化率的影响
表3 2种来源棉酚饲粮对多浪羊营养物质表观消化率的影响Table 3 Effects of two sources of gossypol diets on apparent digestibility of nutrients in Dolang sheep |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FG | AG | |||
| 干物质摄入量 DM intake/g | 1 065.38 | 1 083.58 | 998.76 | 30.170 | 0.518 |
| 干物质排粪量 DM fecal output/g | 414.65 | 504.80 | 455.60 | 22.522 | 0.453 |
| 干物质表观消化率 DM apparent digestibility/% | 61.56a | 53.52b | 54.85b | 1.282 | 0.012 |
| 粗蛋白质表观消化率 CP apparent digestibility/% | 65.11a | 52.70b | 54.75b | 2.275 | 0.047 |
| 中性洗涤纤维表观消化率 NDF apparent digestibility/% | 60.48a | 50.48b | 51.89b | 1.634 | 0.015 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率 ADF apparent digestibility/% | 49.71a | 43.28b | 44.85b | 1.093 | 0.022 |
| 粗脂肪表观消化率 EE apparent digestibility/% | 57.51b | 64.48a | 60.17ab | 1.218 | 0.050 |
| 有机物表观消化率 OM apparent digestibility/% | 55.78 | 49.94 | 50.65 | 1.188 | 0.082 |
2.3 2种来源棉酚饲粮对多浪羊棉酚代谢的影响
2.3.1 2种来源棉酚饲粮对多浪羊饮水量、排尿量、尿pH、尿蛋白含量和排粪量的影响
表4 2种来源棉酚饲粮对多浪羊饮水量、排尿量、尿pH、尿蛋白含量和排粪量的影响Table 4 Effects of two sources of gossypol diets on water intake, urinary output, urine pH, urine protein content and fecal output in Dolang sheep |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P值 P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | FG | AG | |||
| 饮水量 Water intake/(L/d) | 2.63 | 2.64 | 2.99 | 0.185 | 0.600 |
| 排尿量 Urinary output/(L/d) | 1.19 | 1.13 | 1.37 | 0.132 | 0.758 |
| 尿pH Urine pH | 8.17a | 7.65b | 8.62a | 0.173 | 0.023 |
| 尿蛋白 Urinary protein/(g/L) | 0.14 | 0.30 | 0.17 | 0.035 | 0.151 |
| 排粪量 Fecal output/(kg/d) | 0.86 | 1.04 | 0.80 | 0.478 | 0.161 |
2.3.2 2种来源棉酚饲粮瘤胃液游离棉酚含量分析
表5 2种来源棉酚饲粮瘤胃液游离棉酚含量分析Table 5 Analysis of free gossypol content in rumen fluid of two sources of gossypol dietsmg/L |
| 时间 Time/h | 组别 Groups | SEM | P值 P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FG | AG | |||
| 晨饲前 Before morning feeding | 1.62b | 1.74b | 0.251 | 0.654 |
| 0 | 1.73ab | 2.15a | 0.247 | 0.156 |
| 2 | 2.03a | 2.54a | 0.277 | 0.141 |
| 4 | 2.52a | 2.40a | 0.162 | 0.523 |
| 6 | 1.83ab | 1.96ab | 0.217 | 0.590 |
| 8 | 1.80ab | 1.85ab | 0.276 | 0.865 |
| SEM | 0.057 | 0.069 | ||
| P值 P-value | 0.036 | 0.049 | ||
同列数据肩标不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
In the same column, values with different letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.3.3 2种来源棉酚饲粮多浪羊血浆、尿液和粪便游离棉酚含量分析
表6 2种来源棉酚饲粮多浪羊血浆、尿液和粪便游离棉酚含量分析Table 6 Analysis of free gossypol contents in plasma, urine and feces of Dolang sheep fed two sources of gossypol diets |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P值 P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FG | AG | |||
| 血浆游离棉酚 Plasma free gossypol/(mg/L) | 0.66 | 0.89 | 0.108 | 0.847 |
| 尿液游离棉酚 Urine free gossypol/(mg/L) | 0.69b | 1.38a | 0.261 | 0.043 |
| 粪便游离棉酚 Fecal free gossypol/(mg/kg) | 8.78 | 6.68 | 2.749 | 0.466 |
