1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the basal group (air-dry basis)% |
| 项目 Items | 含量 Content |
|---|---|
| 原料 Ingredients | |
| 玉米面 Corn flour | 22.0 |
| 豆粕 Soybean meal | 12.0 |
| 苜蓿草粉 Alfalfa meal | 50.0 |
| 干酒糟及其可溶物 Distillers dried grains with soluble | 4.0 |
| 玉米胚芽饼 Corn germ cake | 5.5 |
| 糖蜜 Molasses | 5.0 |
| 食盐 NaCl | 0.5 |
| 预混料 Premix1) | 1.0 |
| 合计 Total | 100.0 |
| 营养水平 Nutrient levels2) | |
| 总能 GE/(MJ/kg) | 14.03 |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 15.80 |
| 粗脂肪 EE | 3.31 |
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 41.54 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 16.16 |
| 钙 Ca | 0.76 |
| 磷 P | 0.50 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of the diet:Mg 76 mg,Cu 36 mg,Zn 43 mg,Fe 53 mg,VA 2 484 IU,VD3 496.8 IU,VK3 0.23 mg,VB1 10.092 mg,VB2 0.69 mg,VB12 1.38 mg,叶酸 folic acid 0.023 mg,烟酸 nicotinic acid 1.62 mg,泛酸钙 calcium pantothenate 1.15 mg,CaHPO4 5.17 g,CaCO3 4.57 g。 2)实测值 Measured values。 |
1.2 试验设计及饲养管理
1.3 样品采集及指标测定
1.3.1 生长性能
1.3.2 营养物质表观消化率
1.3.3 血清生化指标
1.4 数据分析
2 结果
2.1 CLA对梅花鹿生长性能的影响
表2 CLA对梅花鹿生长性能的影响Table 2 Effects of CLA on growth performance of sika deer |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G0 | G1 | G2 | G3 | ||
| 初始体重 IBW/kg | 56.63±8.19 | 56.00±5.21 | 52.63±5.11 | 56.88±8.77 | 0.814 |
| 终末体重 FBW/kg | 62.63±7.34 | 65.63±4.17 | 63.63±3.20 | 66.00±7.45 | 0.823 |
| 平均日增重 ADG/(g/d) | 120.00±26.25b | 160.42±18.48a | 183.33±34.02a | 152.08±43.76a | 0.020 |
| 平均日采食量 ADFI/(kg/d) | 1.69±0.08c | 1.78±0.07ab | 1.79±0.06a | 1.76±0.11b | 0.010 |
| 料重比 F/G | 16.81±2.57a | 11.53±1.56b | 10.62±1.85b | 12.16±2.73b | 0.004 |
同行数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),相同或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), while with the same or no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 CLA对梅花鹿营养物质表观消化率的影响
表3 CLA对梅花鹿营养物质表观消化率的影响Table 3 Effects of CLA on nutrient apparent digestibilities of sika deer% |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G0 | G1 | G2 | G3 | ||
| 干物质 DM | 54.32±3.18 | 55.25±2.60 | 58.66±3.08 | 63.18±3.69 | 0.485 |
| 粗蛋白质 CP | 62.65±3.52b | 62.71±2.62b | 69.21±2.08a | 63.32±4.21a | 0.015 |
| 粗脂肪 EE | 47.43±2.11b | 49.26±3.12b | 59.81±3.05a | 55.26±3.15a | 0.023 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 44.16±3.51 | 44.66±2.16 | 45.88±1.56 | 46.03±2.36 | 0.256 |
| 中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 50.02±3.15 | 52.32±2.18 | 54.05±2.38 | 54.64±3.52 | 0.139 |
| 钙 Ca | 48.26±1.57 | 48.33±2.18 | 49.33±1.55 | 49.25±2.18 | 0.125 |
| 磷 P | 54.11±2.88 | 53.26±3.45 | 54.66±3.78 | 53.25±2.87 | 0.205 |
2.3 CLA对梅花鹿血清生化指标的影响
表4 CLA对梅花鹿血清生化指标的影响Table 4 Effects of CLA on serum biochemical indices of sika deer |
| 项目 Items | 组别 Groups | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G0 | G1 | G2 | G3 | ||
| 总蛋白 TP/(g/L) | 66.76±6.22 | 65.26±8.83 | 68.86±5.90 | 69.83±4.57 | 0.760 |
| 白蛋白 ALB/(g/L) | 25.09±3.70 | 23.26±4.68 | 26.96±3.88 | 24.89±2.23 | 0.591 |
| 谷丙转氨酶 ALT/(U/L) | 54.50±6.41 | 51.09±8.23 | 52.58±6.72 | 52.98±6.29 | 0.973 |
| 谷草转氨酶 AST/(U/L) | 61.26±11.90 | 64.77±14.88 | 78.78±9.57 | 69.03±13.18 | 0.427 |
| 碱性磷酸酶 ALP/(U/L) | 79.81±22.75c | 89.47±25.49bc | 126.69±30.86b | 217.35±63.73a | 0.043 |
| 甘油三酯 TG/(mmol/L) | 0.46±0.07 | 0.52±0.07 | 0.25±0.03 | 1.16±0.07 | 0.249 |
| 低密度脂蛋白 LDL/(mmol/L) | 0.19±0.06 | 0.21±0.04 | 0.20±0.03 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.256 |
| 胆固醇 CHO/(mmol/L) | 1.70±0.32ab | 2.08±0.50a | 1.89±0.25ab | 1.47±0.20b | 0.043 |
| 高密度脂蛋白 HDL/(mmol/L) | 1.34±0.19 | 1.57±0.37 | 1.33±0.19 | 1.22±0.17 | 0.228 |
| 尿素氮 UN/(mmol/L) | 9.53±1.02 | 10.04±1.95 | 7.93±0.50 | 7.56±0.75 | 0.034 |
| 葡萄糖 GLU/(mmol/L) | 5.65±0.78 | 5.30±0.49 | 5.78±0.47 | 5.62±0.64 | 0.974 |
