1 mTORC1的上游调节因子
2 氨基酸感受器参与mTORC1上游的信号传递
图1 mTORC1上游氨基酸信号传感机制SLC7A5/LAT1:溶质载体蛋白7成员5/L型氨基酸转运载体1 solute carrier family 7 member 5/L-type amino acid transporter 1;Growth factors:生长因子;Met:蛋氨酸 methionine;Arg:精氨酸 arginine;Leu:亮氨酸 leucine;SAR1B:分泌相关的Ras相关GTP酶1B secretion-associated Ras-related GTPase 1B;SAM:S-腺苷蛋氨酸 S-adenosylmethionine;LRS:亮氨酰-tRNA合成酶 leucyl-tRNA synthetase;FLCN:卵泡素 folliculin;FNIP2:卵泡刺激素结合蛋白2 folliculin interacting protein 2;AcCoA:乙酰辅酶A acetyl-coenzyme A;mTORC1:哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合体1 mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1;mTOR:哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白 mammalian target of rapamycin;RAPTOR:mTOR相关的调节蛋白 regulatory associated protein of mTOR;mLST8:哺乳动物SEC13同源致死蛋白8 mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8;TSC1:结节性硬化症复合体1 tuberous sclerosis complex 1;TSC2:结节性硬化症复合体2 tuberous sclerosis complex 2;TBC1D7:TBC1结构域家族成员7 TBC1 domain family member 7;V-ATPase:V-ATP酶;SLC38A9:溶质载体家族38成员9 solute carrier family 38 member 9;Lysosome:溶酶体。 Fig.1 Amino acid signal sensing mechanism upstream of mTORC1[47] |
3 mTORC1上游介导亮氨酸信号传感机制
3.1 LRS的亮氨酸信号传感机制
3.2 Sestrin2的亮氨酸信号传感机制
图2 亮氨酸传感的泛素化机制Leu:亮氨酸 leucine;WDR24:WD重复结构域24 WD repeat domain 24;WDR59:WD重复结构域59 WD repeat domain 59;Seh1L:Seh1L样核孔蛋白 Seh1 like nucleoporin;DEPDC5:DEP结构域蛋白5 DEP domain-containing protein 5;NPRL2:氮通透酶调节因子2 nitrogen permease regulator like 2;NPRL3:氮通透酶调节因子3 nitrogen permease regulator like 3;RNF167:无名指蛋白167 ring finger Protein 167;STAMBPL1:STAM结合蛋白样1 STAM binding protein-like 1;Inactive:无活性的;Active:有活性的。 Fig.2 Ubiquitination mechanism of leucine sensing[37] |
