1 材料与方法
1.1 材料与来源
表1 3种圈养金丝猴信息Table 1 Information of three captive Rhinopithecus spp. |
| 物种Species | 名字Name | 性别Gender | 年龄Age/岁 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 滇金丝猴Rhinopithecus bieti | 川川Chuanchuan | 公♂ | 12 |
| 小七Xiaoqi | 公♂ | 6 | |
| 阿贵Agui | 公♂ | 25 | |
| 黔金丝猴Rhinopithecus brelichi | 奇奇Qiqi | 公♂ | 11 |
| 阿静Ajing | 母♀ | 19 | |
| 淘淘Taotao | 公♂ | 5 | |
| 阅阅Yueyue | 母♀ | 8 | |
川金丝猴Rhinopithecus roxellana | 大壮Dazhuang | 公♂ | 18 |
| 豆豆Doudou | 母♀ | 7 | |
| 洋洋Yangyang | 母♀ | 8 |
1.2 DNA测序及宏基因组测序
1.3 生物信息学数据分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 测序结果分析
表2 样本测序信息Table 2 Sample sequencing information |
| 样本名Sample names | clean reads | clean base/bp | GC/% | Q20/% | Q30/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R_brelichi_1 | 43 825 422 | 6 598 601 195 | 49.57 | 98.16 | 94.20 |
| R_brelichi_2 | 43 346 636 | 6 529 632 369 | 49.32 | 98.16 | 94.20 |
| R_brelichi_3 | 43 462 696 | 6 546 850 265 | 47.11 | 98.18 | 94.27 |
| R_brelichi_4 | 43 843 970 | 6 602 023 689 | 47.83 | 98.20 | 94.33 |
| R_roxellana_1 | 43 674 736 | 6 578 330 953 | 46.06 | 98.18 | 94.27 |
| R_roxellana_2 | 43 075 642 | 6 488 398 714 | 49.20 | 98.27 | 94.51 |
| R_roxellana_3 | 43 782 458 | 6 596 637 199 | 46.56 | 98.14 | 94.15 |
| R_bieti_1 | 44 921 422 | 6 763 677 638 | 47.28 | 98.11 | 94.08 |
| R_bieti_2 | 44 701 302 | 6 733 548 357 | 47.84 | 98.06 | 93.91 |
| R_bieti_3 | 43 404 098 | 6 528 168 605 | 40.32 | 98.45 | 95.05 |
GC为GC含量百分比;Q20和Q30分别指质量值大于或等于20、30的碱基在clean reads中占总碱基的百分比。 | |
GC is the percentage of GC content; Q20 and Q30 refer to the percentage of total bases in clean reads for bases with mass values greater than or equal to 20 and 30, respectively. |
表3 组装结果统计表Table 3 Statistical table of assembly results |
| 样本名 Sample names | contigs | contigs bases/bp | N50/bp | N90/bp | Max/bp | Min/bp | 开放阅读框 ORFs/条 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R_brelichi_1 | 263 323 | 299 969 555 | 1 867 | 434 | 353 880 | 300 | 458 860 |
| R_brelichi_2 | 311 229 | 374 886 713 | 2 065 | 450 | 378 224 | 300 | 553 985 |
| R_brelichi_3 | 307 723 | 323 415 686 | 1 468 | 428 | 491 503 | 300 | 511 255 |
| R_brelichi_4 | 319 022 | 342 730 243 | 1 567 | 427 | 282 562 | 300 | 529 662 |
| R_roxellana_1 | 165 254 | 209 871 558 | 2 700 | 451 | 307 480 | 300 | 308 019 |
| R_roxellana_2 | 229 457 | 227 865 122 | 1 326 | 418 | 244 170 | 300 | 367 238 |
| R_roxellana_3 | 190 543 | 202 899 987 | 1 519 | 430 | 233 814 | 300 | 322 437 |
| R_bieti_1 | 229 582 | 269 418 489 | 1 904 | 445 | 396 234 | 300 | 407 677 |
| R_bieti_2 | 320 512 | 339 275 073 | 1 537 | 421 | 350 913 | 300 | 530 957 |
| R_bieti_3 | 183 035 | 204 498 675 | 1 817 | 423 | 412 045 | 300 | 319 982 |
N50(N90)指将各contigs序列按长度大小排序,从大至小逐一扫描各条序列的长度值,进行累加,当该累加值第1次超过所有序列总长度的50%(90%)时,此时扫描到的序列;Max指最长Contigs的序列长度;Min指最短Contigs的序列长度。 | |
N50 (N90) means that each contigs sequence is sorted by length size, and the length value of each sequence is scanned one by one from the largest to the smallest, and accumulated, and when this accumulated value exceeds 50% (90%) of the total length of all the sequences for the first time, then the scanned sequences are scanned at this time;Max means the sequence length of the longest Contigs; Min means the sequence length of the shortest contigs. |
2.2 3种圈养金丝猴的肠道微生物α多样性
表4 3种圈养金丝猴基于属水平的肠道微生物α多样性Table 4 Alpha diversity of gut microflora at genus level in three captive species of captive golden snub-nosed monkeys |
| 项目 Items | 滇金丝猴 Rhinopithecus bieti | 黔金丝猴 Rhinopithecus brelichi | 川金丝猴 Rhinopithecus roxellana | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ace指数Ace index | 1 578.7±97.6a | 1 648.5±51.2a | 1 456.0±36.0b | <0.001 |
| Shannon指数Shannon index | 3.24±0.05a | 3.33±0.18a | 2.87±0.14b | <0.001 |
| Simpson指数Simpson index | 0.09±0.01b | 0.08±0.02b | 0.15±0.02a | <0.001 |
| Pielou_e指数Pielou_e index | 0.44±0.01a | 0.45±0.03a | 0.39±0.02b | <0.001 |
同行数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 | |
Values with different lowercase letter superscripts in the same row mean significant difference (P<0.05). |
2.3 3种圈养金丝猴肠道微生物组成及差异
图4 3种圈养金丝猴肠道微生物群落LDA评分图图中展示了LDA评分大于设定值(设定值为3)的条件下3种圈养金丝猴丰度有显著差异的物种。 Fig.4 LDA score plot of gut microbial community in three species of captive golden snub-nosed monkeys The graph shows the species with significant difference in abundance among three captive Rhinopithecus spp when the LDA score is greater than the set value (set value is 3). |
2.4 3种圈养金丝猴肠道微生物的功能分析
图6 3种圈养金丝猴的肠道微生物功能差异分析A:代谢通路的差异性检验柱状图;B:碳水化合物代谢通路的差异性检验柱状图。 Fig.6 Analysis of gut microbial functional differences for three species of captive golden snub-nosed monkeys A: barchart of differential test within metabolism pathway; B: barchart of differential test within carbohydrate metabolism pathway. |
