1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验动物及试验设计
1.3 试验饲粮及管理
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目Items | 含量Content |
|---|---|
| 原料Ingredients | |
| 玉米Corn | 15.76 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 5.63 |
| 麸皮Wheat bran | 4.50 |
| 鱼粉Fish meal | 0.56 |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.17 |
| 酵母Yeast | 0.70 |
| 小苏打NaHCO3 | 0.42 |
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 0.28 |
| 预混料Premix1) | 0.05 |
| 多汁料Succulent feed | 15.77 |
| 干树叶Dried leaves | 56.16 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |
| 总能GE/(MJ/kg) | 16.68 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 16.60 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 3.48 |
| 粗纤维CF | 6.66 |
| 粗灰分Ash | 10.24 |
| 钙Ca | 1.81 |
| 磷P | 0.38 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供The premix provided the following per kg of the diet:VA 2 800 IU,VB1 0.168 mg,VB2 1.792 mg,VB6 0.56 mg,VB12 0.003 4 mg,VD3 448 IU,VE 3.36 IU,VK3 0.448 mg,生物素 biotin 0.009 mg,叶酸 folic acid 0.056 mg,D-泛酸 D-pantothenic acid 2.24 mg,烟酸 nicotinic acid 4.48 mg,Cu 0.168 mg,Fe 3.36 mg,Zn 1.344 mg。 2)营养水平为实测值。Nutrient levels were measured values. |
1.4 样品采集与测定
1.4.1 体重
1.4.2 饲料养分含量
1.4.3 血液指标
1.4.4 产香性能
1.5 数据处理及统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 过瘤胃脂肪对林麝体重的影响
表2 过瘤胃脂肪对林麝体重的影响Table 2 Effects of rumen protected fat on body weight of forest musk deer kg |
| 项目 Items | A组 Group A | B1组 Group B1 | B2组 Group B2 | C1组 Group C1 | C2组 Group C2 | D1组 Group D1 | D2组 Group D2 | SEM | P值 P-value | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 试验前Before trial | 7.23 ±0.28 | 7.34 ±0.19 | 7.26 ±0.18 | 7.46 ±0.27 | 7.36 ±0.15 | 7.51 ±0.23 | 7.27 ±0.21 | 0.078 | 0.963 | |||||||||
| 试验后After trial | 6.84 ±0.15 | 7.68 ±0.23 | 7.36 ±0.36 | 7.98 ±0.14 | 7.98 ±0.18 | 7.82 ±0.36 | 7.72 ±0.42 | 0.116 | 0.091 | |||||||||
同行数据肩标不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),肩标无字母或相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05), while with no letter or the same letter mean no the significant difference (P>0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 过瘤胃脂肪对林麝血液指标的影响
表3 过瘤胃脂肪对林麝血液指标的影响Table 3 Effects of rumen protected fat on blood indexes of forest musk deer |
| 项目 Items | A组 Group A | B1组 Group B1 | B2组 Group B2 | C1组 Group C1 | C2组 Group C2 | D1组 Group D1 | D2组 Group D2 | SEM | P值 P-value | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 胰岛素 INS/(μIU/mL) | 6.94 ±0.90 | 8.27 ±0.95 | 8.29 ±0.95 | 9.94 ±1.00 | 10.36 ±1.75 | 8.65 ±1.51 | 8.43 ±1.12 | 0.468 | 0.307 | |||||||||
| 睾酮 T/(pg/mL) | 37.00 ±5.85 | 42.13 ±4.64 | 47.25 ±5.54 | 41.28 ±5.38 | 50.85 ±7.84 | 43.26 ±5.84 | 42.31 ±6.17 | 2.328 | 0.642 | |||||||||
| 非酯化脂肪酸 NEFA/(μmol/L) | 507.20 ±34.20a | 436.40 ±13.33ab | 394.70 ±27.06b | 424.20 ±25.27b | 435.86 ±15.12ab | 425.23 ±19.83b | 402.36 ±24.15b | 10.127 | 0.041 | |||||||||
| 总蛋白 TB/(g/L) | 76.98 ±1.78 | 75.38 ±2.35 | 77.98 ±5.03 | 71.90 ±1.22 | 77.60 ±1.53 | 75.48 ±1.88 | 80.68 ±2.72 | 1.187 | 0.495 | |||||||||
| 白蛋白 ALB/(g/L) | 42.36 ±1.49 | 44.88 ±1.58 | 40.94 ±1.08 | 45.85 ±0.98 | 45.38 ±0.80 | 42.85 ±1.53 | 43.92 ±2.47 | 0.646 | 0.183 | |||||||||
| 甘油三酯 TG/(mmol/L) | 0.44 ±0.08 | 0.35 ±0.03 | 0.48 ±0.05 | 0.36 ±0.04 | 0.41 ±0.06 | 0.42 ±0.10 | 0.38 ±0.13 | 0.027 | 0.762 | |||||||||
| 总胆固醇 TC/(mmol/L) | 1.09 ±0.07 | 1.19 ±0.09 | 1.18 ±0.02 | 1.29 ±0.12 | 1.38 ±0.13 | 1.36 ±0.10 | 1.46 ±0.11 | 0.042 | 0.125 | |||||||||
| 葡萄糖 GLU/(mmol/L) | 8.46 ±0.16 | 9.06 ±0.42 | 9.26 ±0.76 | 10.36 ±0.40 | 11.73 ±2.93 | 8.98 ±0.92 | 8.26 ±0.86 | 0.486 | 0.373 | |||||||||
| 尿素 Urea/(mmol/L) | 24.71 ±2.31 | 23.20 ±0.44 | 21.63 ±2.10 | 22.02 ±0.69 | 21.17 ±1.29 | 22.23 ±1.31 | 22.06 ±2.32 | 0.685 | 0.723 | |||||||||
2.3 过瘤胃脂肪对林麝产香性能的影响
表4 瘤胃脂肪对林麝产香性能的影响Table 4 Effects of rumen protected fat on musk production performance of forest musk deer |
| 项目 Items | A组 Group A | B1组 Group B1 | B2组 Group B2 | C1组 Group C1 | C2组 Group C2 | D1组 Group D1 | D2组 Group D2 | SEM | P值 P-value | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鲜重Fresh weight/g | 10.05 ±1.60 | 12.22 ±0.96 | 10.36 ±1.60 | 13.17 ±0.97 | 13.54 ±1.21 | 11.41 ±1.76 | 9.80 ±1.50 | 0.536 | 0.340 | |||||||||
| 水分Moisture/% | 65.58 ±2.44 | 69.42 ±2.10 | 65.84 ±3.23 | 63.89 ±3.33 | 61.76 ±1.99 | 63.32 ±3.66 | 62.96 ±4.20 | 1.150 | 0.673 | |||||||||
| 干重Dry weight/g | 3.39 ±0.57b | 3.66 ±0.30b | 3.42 ±0.49b | 4.63 ±0.42ab | 5.07 ±0.40a | 3.93 ±0.53ab | 3.28 ±0.38b | 0.181 | 0.044 | |||||||||
| 麝香酮Musk ketone/% | 1.85 ±0.14 | 2.05 ±0.16 | 1.94 ±0.12 | 2.03 ±0.17 | 2.06 ±0.26 | 1.92 ±0.18 | 2.03 ±0.21 | 0.067 | 0.979 | |||||||||
