1 材料与方法
1.1 伦理声明
1.2 试验材料
1.3 试验设计及饲养管理
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目Items | 含量Content |
|---|---|
| 原料Ingredients | |
| 苜蓿Alfalfa | 27.78 |
| 玉米Corn | 19.25 |
| 全株玉米青贮Whole corn silage | 15.52 |
| 葫芦籽皮Gourd seed skin | 12.15 |
| 干酒糟及其可溶物DDGS | 4.33 |
| 亚麻籽饼Flax seed meal | 4.62 |
| 向日葵仁饼Sunflower seed meal | 6.09 |
| 小麦麸Wheat bran | 4.29 |
| 红枣Red dates | 1.68 |
| 石粉Limestone | 1.48 |
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 0.69 |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.72 |
| 预混料Premix1) | 1.40 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |
| 消化能DE/(MJ/kg) | 16.83 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 15.32 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 29.69 |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 50.98 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 3.09 |
| 钙Ca | 1.02 |
| 磷P | 0.55 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供The premix provided the following per kg of the diet:Fe (as ferrous sulfate) 24 mg,Zn (as zinc sulfate) 24 mg,Cu (as copper sulfate) 9 mg,Mn (as manganese sulfate) 30 mg,I (as potassium iodide) 0.04 mg,Co(as cobaltous sulfate) 0.1 mg,VA 3 200 IU,VD3 1 200 IU,VE 20 IU。 2)消化能按照《肉羊营养需要》(NY/T 816—2021)计算得出,其他营养水平为实测值。DE was calculated according to the Nutrient Requirements of Meat-Type Sheep and Goat (NY/T 816—2021), while the other nutrient levels were measured values. |
1.4 指标测定
1.4.1 饲粮营养成分测定
1.4.2 生长性能测定
1.4.3 屠宰性能测定
1.4.4 羊绒品质测定
1.4.5 血清激素浓度测定
1.4.6 血清锌含量测定
1.5 数据处理与分析
2 结果
2.1 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊羔羊生长性能和屠宰性能的影响
表2 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊羔羊生长性能和屠宰性能的影响Table 2 Effects of mixed addition of ASKP and different zinc sources on growth performance and slaughter performance of cashmere goat kids |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | ||
| 初始体重IBW/kg | 16.04±0.37 | 16.15±0.58 | 16.34±0.67 | 16.38±0.58 | 16.03±0.45 | 0.994 |
| 终末体重FBW/kg | 18.23±0.36c | 19.95±0.51bc | 20.46±0.43ab | 21.58±0.87ab | 22.58±0.73a | 0.009 |
| 平均日采食量ADFI/(kg/d) | 0.725±0.031c | 0.825±0.022bc | 0.888±0.054ab | 0.900±0.028ab | 0.956±0.039a | 0.003 |
| 平均日增重ADG/(kg/d) | 0.029±0.003b | 0.051±0.006ab | 0.055±0.004ab | 0.070±0.011ab | 0.088±0.013a | 0.046 |
| 料重比F/G | 24.34±0.09a | 16.37±0.08b | 16.19±0.07b | 11.97±0.04c | 10.26±0.03c | 0.028 |
| 胴体重Carcass weight/kg | 7.30±0.96c | 8.59±0.42bc | 8.85±0.24abc | 9.71±0.56ab | 10.56±0.44a | 0.047 |
| 屠宰率Dressing percentage/% | 40.04±1.98c | 43.06±1.10bc | 43.20±1.32abc | 45.04±0.63ab | 46.80±0.37a | 0.011 |
同行数据肩标相同字母或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
Values in the same row with the same or no letter superscripts indicated no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different letter superscripts indicated significant difference (P<0.05 ). The same as below. |
2.2 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊羔羊羊绒品质的影响
表3 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊羔羊羊绒品质的影响Table 3 Effects of mixed addition of ASKP and different zinc sources on cashmere quality of cashmere goats kids |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | ||
| 生长长度Growth length/mm | 16.88±2.10 | 18.21±0.88 | 18.45±1.23 | 19.10±0.60 | 19.16±0.72 | 0.692 |
| 强度Strength/cN | 17.15±3.04b | 21.99±5.17ab | 24.94±2.48ab | 30.97±7.56a | 33.37±6.21a | 0.039 |
| 细度Diameter/μm | 13.75±0.36 | 13.39±0.10 | 13.77±0.20 | 13.82±0.30 | 14.38±0.45 | 0.284 |
2.3 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊血清激素浓度的影响
表4 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊羔羊血清激素浓度的影响Table 4 Effects of mixed addition of ASKP and different zinc sources on serum hormone concentrations of cashmere goat kids |
| 项目 Items | 时间 Time | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | |||
| 褪黑素 MLT/(ng/L) | 第30天 Day 30 | 13.61±1.26a | 8.29±1.32b | 14.30±1.76a | 12.53±1.45a | 14.29±1.76a | 0.032 |
| 第60天 Day 60 | 15.55±2.45 | 15.59±1.43 | 15.92±2.55 | 16.75±2.82 | 16.39±2.75 | 0.995 | |
胰岛素样生长因子-1 IGF-1/(μg/L) | 第30天 Day 30 | 14.31±1.02c | 17.04±0.51ab | 16.73±2.52bc | 16.35±1.02bc | 19.71±1.19a | 0.007 |
| 第60天 Day 60 | 20.21±0.77b | 21.26±1.01b | 22.91±1.30b | 24.65±1.42a | 24.78±1.21a | 0.031 | |
生长激素 GH/(μg/L) | 第30天 Day 30 | 9.02±1.97b | 15.66±1.17a | 13.68±1.88ab | 14.13±2.20a | 15.03±1.43a | 0.041 |
| 第60天 Day 60 | 14.14±2.20b | 17.92±1.77b | 19.08±3.19b | 21.37±3.88a | 25.44±2.91a | 0.037 | |
催乳素 PRL/(ng/L) | 第30天 Day 30 | 839.38±70.17 | 915.69±25.80 | 841.07±25.89 | 977.41±55.33 | 964.27±116.65 | 0.481 |
| 第60天 Day 60 | 779.47±106.41 | 819.13±33.86 | 827.29±43.42 | 816.60±41.17 | 853.97±45.37 | 0.771 | |
2.4 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊血清锌含量的影响
表5 ASKP和不同锌源混合添加对绒山羊羔羊血清中锌含量的影响Table 5 Effects of mixed addition of ASKP and different zinc sources on serum zinc content of cashmere goat kids mg/L |
| 项目 Item | 组别Groups | P值 P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | ||
| 锌Zinc | 1.08±0.14c | 1.35±0.09b | 1.39±0.15b | 1.51±0.19ab | 1.66±0.16a | 0.032 |
