1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验设计
表1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of the basal diet (DM basis) % |
| 原料Ingredients | 含量Content | 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | 含量Content | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 玉米Corn | 28.00 | 代谢能ME/(MJ/kg) | 9.48 | |
| 膨化大豆Extruded soybean | 9.00 | 粗蛋白质CP | 15.44 | |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 12.00 | 粗脂肪EE | 3.51 | |
| 玉米胚芽粕Corn germ meal | 7.00 | 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 32.62 | |
| 花生秧Peanut vine | 40.00 | 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 20.14 | |
| 磷酸氢钙CaHPO4 | 1.00 | 粗灰分Ash | 9.42 | |
| 石粉Limestone | 1.25 | 钙Ca | 1.21 | |
| 食盐NaCl | 0.50 | 总磷TP | 0.56 | |
| 小苏打NaHCO3 | 0.25 | |||
| 预混料Premix1) | 1.00 | |||
| 合计Total | 100.00 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 Premix provided the following per kilogram of the diet:VA 8 000 IU,VD3 2 000 IU,VE 30 IU,Cu 10 mg,Fe 200 mg,Zn 150 mg,Mn 200 mg,Se 0.5 mg,I 0.5 mg。 | |
2)代谢能为参考《肉羊营养需要量》(NY/T 816—2021)[9]计算所得,其余为实测值。ME was a calculated value according to Nutrient Requirements of Meat-Type Sheep and Goat (NY/T 816—2021), while the others were measured values. |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 样品处理与指标测定
1.4.1 生长性能
1.4.2 腹泻频率
1.4.3 营养物质含量和表观消化率
1.4.4 血清指标
1.4.5 屠宰性能
1.4.6 肉品质
1.5 数据统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊生长性能及腹泻频率的影响
表2 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊生长性能及腹泻频率的影响Table 2 Effects of supplementation with lignin polyphenols on growth performance and diarrhea frequency of weaned lambs |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | 1 g | 2 g | 3 g | |||
| 体重BW/kg | ||||||
| 第1天Day 1 | 8.91 | 8.77 | 8.66 | 8.75 | 0.114 | 0.907 |
| 第30天Day 30 | 15.07 | 16.03 | 15.60 | 16.13 | 0.234 | 0.367 |
| 第60天Day 60 | 21.64 | 22.82 | 22.28 | 22.76 | 0.305 | 0.503 |
| 平均日增重ADG/(g/d) | ||||||
| 第1~30天Days 1 to 30 | 205.37 | 242.06 | 231.19 | 246.06 | 6.548 | 0.115 |
| 第31~60天Days 31 to 60 | 219.12 | 226.44 | 222.82 | 221.00 | 6.212 | 0.981 |
| 第1~60天Days 1 to 60 | 212.25 | 234.25 | 227.00 | 233.53 | 4.658 | 0.315 |
| 平均日采食量ADFI/(kg/d) | ||||||
| 第1~30天Days 1 to 30 | 0.59b | 0.65a | 0.62ab | 0.66a | 0.009 | 0.003 |
| 第31~60天Days 31 to 60 | 0.94 | 0.99 | 0.93 | 0.97 | 0.016 | 0.654 |
| 第1~60天Days 1 to 60 | 0.77 | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.82 | 0.011 | 0.207 |
| 料重比F/G | ||||||
| 第1~30天Days 1 to 30 | 2.94 | 2.71 | 2.70 | 2.69 | 0.092 | 0.786 |
| 第31~60天Days 31 to 60 | 4.31 | 4.38 | 4.20 | 4.40 | 0.093 | 0.900 |
| 第1~60天Days 1 to 60 | 3.61 | 3.45 | 3.40 | 3.50 | 0.042 | 0.351 |
| 腹泻频率Diarrhea frequency/% | ||||||
| 第1~30天Days 1 to 30 | 10.28a | 8.61ab | 8.33ab | 3.61b | 0.894 | 0.047 |
| 第31~60天Days 31 to 60 | 1.67 | 1.39 | 1.39 | 0.56 | 0.308 | 0.622 |
| 第1~60天Days 1 to 60 | 5.97 | 5.00 | 4.86 | 2.78 | 0.544 | 0.206 |
同行数据肩标相同字母或无字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter or the same letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊营养物质表观消化率的影响
表3 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊营养物质表观消化率的影响Table 3 Effects of dietary supplementation with lignin polyphenols on apparent nutrient digestibility of weaned lambs % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | 1 g | 2 g | 3 g | |||
| 干物质DM | 78.71 | 78.21 | 80.79 | 81.16 | 0.568 | 0.167 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 71.66 | 71.98 | 72.95 | 76.33 | 0.951 | 0.295 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 81.88 | 80.78 | 82.93 | 84.97 | 1.166 | 0.653 |
| 中性洗涤纤维NDF | 47.86 | 49.57 | 49.78 | 51.36 | 1.270 | 0.834 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维ADF | 42.07 | 45.03 | 48.02 | 49.81 | 1.594 | 0.349 |
2.3 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊血清抗氧化及免疫指标的影响
表4 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊血清抗氧化及免疫指标的影响Table 4 Effects of dietary supplementation with lignin polyphenols on serum antioxidant and immune indices of weaned lambs |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | 1 g | 2 g | 3 g | |||
| 总抗氧化能力T-AOC/(U/mL) | 5.98c | 7.52bc | 8.94ab | 9.45a | 0.386 | 0.001 |
| 过氧化氢酶CAT/(U/mL) | 14.04 | 14.82 | 17.11 | 23.88 | 2.338 | 0.457 |
| 丙二醛MDA/(nmol/mL) | 2.53 | 2.14 | 2.08 | 1.60 | 0.181 | 0.365 |
| 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-Px/(U/mL) | 310.75c | 332.91bc | 388.51ab | 437.13a | 14.459 | 0.002 |
| 超氧化物歧化酶SOD/(U/mL) | 118.76b | 134.19ab | 156.77ab | 235.25a | 15.180 | 0.021 |
| 免疫球蛋白A IgA/(μg/mL) | 7.71b | 16.73a | 20.53a | 20.70a | 1.324 | <0.001 |
| 免疫球蛋白G IgG/(μg/mL) | 41.90 | 49.39 | 63.92 | 64.06 | 3.896 | 0.103 |
| 免疫球蛋白M IgM/(μg/mL) | 10.79c | 15.26b | 15.94b | 19.84a | 0.896 | 0.001 |
2.4 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊屠宰性能及肉品质的影响
表5 饲粮中添加木质素多酚对断奶羔羊屠宰性能及肉品质的影响Table 5 Effects of dietary supplementation with lignin polyphenols on slaughter performance and meat quality of weaned lambs |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | 3 g | |||
| 宰前活重Body weight before slaughter/kg | 22.92 | 23.81 | 0.548 | 0.443 |
| 胴体重Carcass weight/kg | 11.86 | 12.43 | 0.280 | 0.328 |
| 屠宰率Dressing rate/% | 51.77 | 52.32 | 0.809 | 0.749 |
| pH | ||||
| pH45 min | 6.10 | 6.02 | 0.089 | 0.680 |
| pH24 h | 5.13 | 5.08 | 0.019 | 0.203 |
| 肉色Meat color | ||||
| 亮度L* | 36.37 | 35.66 | 0.191 | 0.373 |
| 红度a* | 1.52 | 2.05 | 0.339 | 0.179 |
| 黄度b* | 18.27 | 18.80 | 2.787 | 0.464 |
| 熟肉率Cook meat rate/% | 52.36 | 52.54 | 1.161 | 0.941 |
| 剪切力Shear force/N | 61.73 | 57.18 | 0.282 | 0.441 |
| 滴水损失Drip loss/% | 16.79a | 13.46b | 0.840 | 0.040 |
