1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
表1 杜仲籽粕营养成分及抗营养因子含量(风干基础)Table 1 Nutritional component and antinutritional factor contents of Eucommia ulmoides seed meal (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目Items | 含量Content |
|---|---|
| 营养成分Nutritional components | |
| 干物质DM | 93.25 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 30.53 |
| 粗灰分Ash | 7.07 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 2.19 |
| 粗纤维CF | 12.60 |
| 钙Ca | 0.39 |
| 磷P | 0.77 |
| 抗营养因子Antinutritional factors | |
| 单宁Tannin | 0.12 |
| 植酸Phytic acid | 1.20 |
| 总皂苷Total saponins | 4.72 |
| 胰蛋白酶抑制剂Trypsin inhibitor | 2.43 |
表2 杜仲籽粕氨基酸含量(风干基础)Table 2 Amino acid contents of Eucommia ulmoides seed meal (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目Items | 含量Content |
|---|---|
| 必需氨基酸EAA | |
| 精氨酸Arg | 1.71 |
| 组氨酸His | 0.73 |
| 异亮氨酸Ile | 1.21 |
| 亮氨酸Leu | 1.78 |
| 赖氨酸Lys | 0.48 |
| 苯丙氨酸Phe | 0.94 |
| 酪氨酸Tyr | 0.39 |
| 缬氨酸Val | 1.24 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 0.41 |
| 苏氨酸Thr | 0.96 |
| 甘氨酸Gly | 1.15 |
| 非必需氨基酸NEAA | |
| 天冬氨酸Asp | 2.08 |
| 丝氨酸Ser | 0.99 |
| 胱氨酸Cys | 0.40 |
| 谷氨酸Glu | 3.11 |
| 丙氨酸Ala | 1.19 |
| 脯氨酸Pro | 1.37 |
1.2 试验设计与饲粮
表3 饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)Table 3 Composition and nutrient levels of diets (air-dry basis) % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | EUSM10 | EUSM20 | EUSM30 | EUSM40 | |
| 原料Ingredients | |||||
| 玉米Corn | 61.00 | 61.10 | 60.90 | 59.37 | 57.04 |
| 豆粕Soybean meal | 26.50 | 22.86 | 19.53 | 17.06 | 15.10 |
| 杜仲籽粕Eucommia ulmoides seed meal | 3.46 | 6.92 | 10.38 | 13.84 | |
| 石粉Limestone | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| 大豆油Soybean oil | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.97 | 1.72 |
| DL-蛋氨酸DL-Met | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | ||
| L-赖氨酸盐酸盐L-Lys·HCl | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.19 | 0.25 | |
| 胱氨酸Cys | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.03 | |
| 预混料Premix1) | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |||||
| 代谢能ME/(MJ/kg) | 11.05 | 12.38 | 12.56 | 12.79 | 13.08 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 16.45 | 16.02 | 15.81 | 16.82 | 16.40 |
| 钙Ca | 3.74 | 3.96 | 4.13 | 4.65 | 4.83 |
| 有效磷AP | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.49 |
| 赖氨酸Lys | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.79 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 0.27 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| 胱氨酸Cys | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 |
1)预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of diets:VA 12 500 IU,VD3 4 125 IU,VE 15 IU,VK 2 mg,VB12 0.02 mg,VB1 1 mg,VB2 8.5 mg,泛酸钙 calcium pantothenate 11 mg,烟酸nicotinic acid 32.5 mg,吡哆醇 pyridoxine 8 mg,生物素 biotin 0.5 mg,叶酸 folic acid 1.25 mg,植酸酶 phytase 500 mg,Mn 65 mg,I 1 mg,Fe 60 mg,Cu 8 mg,Zn 66 mg。 |
1.3 饲养管理
1.4 样品采集
1.5 指标测定及方法
1.5.1 杜仲籽粕营养成分及抗营养因子含量
1.5.2 生产性能
1.5.3 养分表观利用率
1.5.4 小肠消化酶活性
1.5.5 盲肠微生物区系
1.6 数据统计与分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能的影响
表4 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能的影响Table 4 Effects of replacing soybean meal with Eucommia ulmoides seed meal on performance of laying hens in late laying period |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | EUSM10 | EUSM20 | EUSM30 | EUSM40 | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||||||||||||
| 产蛋率Laying rate/% | |||||||||||||||||||
| 第1~4周 Weeks 1 to 4 | 86.97a | 83.06a | 78.10b | 78.78b | 74.05c | 0.009 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第5~8周 Weeks 5 to 8 | 87.94a | 87.22a | 79.60b | 75.99c | 63.61d | 0.005 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第9~12周 Weeks 9 to 12 | 82.91a | 82.30a | 79.48b | 71.01c | 50.54d | 0.032 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第1~12周 Weeks 1 to 12 | 86.64a | 86.19a | 79.06b | 74.93c | 62.73d | 0.018 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 平均日采食量ADFI/(g/d) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 第1~4周 Weeks 1 to 4 | 120.67a | 108.61b | 100.24c | 96.83c | 88.53d | 2.094 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第5~8周 Weeks 5 to 8 | 125.79a | 116.55b | 109.44c | 99.80d | 87.54e | 2.508 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第9~12周 Weeks 9 to 12 | 127.67a | 121.22b | 107.89c | 99.50d | 68.67e | 3.919 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第1~12周 Weeks 1 to 12 | 124.71a | 115.46b | 105.86c | 98.71d | 81.58e | 2.760 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 平均蛋重Average egg weight/g | |||||||||||||||||||
| 第1~4周 Weeks 1 to 4 | 64.26a | 63.11b | 63.02b | 62.90b | 63.22b | 0.134 | 0.010 | 0.013 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第5~8周 Weeks 5 to 8 | 65.16a | 63.31c | 63.71bc | 63.84b | 63.68bc | 0.134 | <0.001 | 0.008 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第9~12周 Weeks 9 to 12 | 65.68a | 64.11bc | 64.18b | 64.13bc | 63.65c | 0.157 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第1~12周 Weeks 1 to 12 | 65.03a | 63.51b | 63.64b | 63.63b | 63.52b | 0.127 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 料蛋比Feed/egg | |||||||||||||||||||
| 第1~4周 Weeks 1 to 4 | 2.24a | 2.08b | 2.05bc | 1.99bc | 1.91c | 0.027 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| 第5~8周 Weeks 5 to 8 | 2.21 | 2.11 | 2.17 | 2.08 | 2.18 | 0.090 | 0.084 | 0.438 | 0.148 | ||||||||||
| 第9~12周 Weeks 9 to 12 | 2.22 | 2.15 | 2.12 | 2.20 | 2.13 | 0.016 | 0.147 | 0.216 | 0.336 | ||||||||||
| 第1~12周 Weeks 1 to 12 | 2.22a | 2.12b | 2.11b | 2.09b | 2.07b | 0.014 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
同行数据肩标无字母或相同小写字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
In the same row, values with no letter or the same small letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.2 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡养分表观利用率的影响
表5 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡养分表观利用率的影响Table 5 Effects of replacing soybean meal with Eucommia ulmoides seed meal on nutrient apparent utilization rates of laying hens in late laying period % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | EUSM10 | EUSM20 | EUSM30 | EUSM40 | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 干物质DM | 66.94c | 73.73ab | 73.29ab | 71.14b | 77.66a | 0.884 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| 粗蛋白质CP | 47.48a | 44.89a | 45.25a | 39.07ab | 35.37b | 1.467 | 0.038 | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| 粗脂肪EE | 81.82b | 84.37b | 85.03b | 85.26b | 90.72a | 0.736 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 粗灰分Ash | 35.79 | 35.77 | 43.13 | 40.87 | 38.88 | 1.458 | 0.106 | 0.134 | 0.096 |
| 钙Ca | 37.98 | 43.98 | 43.66 | 35.31 | 45.77 | 1.516 | 0.145 | 0.630 | 0.888 |
| 磷P | 39.04 | 35.30 | 35.29 | 27.64 | 32.00 | 1.383 | 0.093 | 0.023 | 0.059 |
2.3 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡氨基酸表观利用率的影响
表6 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡氨基酸表观利用率的影响Table 6 Effects of replacing soybean meal with Eucommia ulmoides seed meal on amino acid apparent utilization rates of laying hens in late laying period % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | EUSM10 | EUSM20 | EUSM30 | EUSM40 | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 必需氨基酸EAA | |||||||||
| 精氨酸Arg | 85.72 | 87.18 | 87.90 | 85.45 | 76.64 | 1.503 | 0.088 | 0.057 | 0.015 |
| 组氨酸His | 97.02a | 95.57ab | 96.20a | 93.79b | 97.04a | 0.419 | 0.048 | 0.572 | 0.165 |
| 异亮氨酸Ile | 90.45 | 94.49 | 93.23 | 89.78 | 95.30 | 0.789 | 0.070 | 0.390 | 0.697 |
| 亮氨酸Leu | 94.97ab | 97.68a | 94.82ab | 92.14b | 97.45a | 0.640 | 0.008 | 0.899 | 0.634 |
| 赖氨酸Lys | 93.25b | 98.90a | 97.56a | 97.05a | 97.38a | 0.569 | 0.002 | 0.115 | 0.019 |
| 蛋氨酸Met | 92.01b | 92.29b | 96.22a | 91.07b | 92.47b | 0.565 | 0.011 | 0.944 | 0.374 |
| 苯丙氨酸Phe | 94.07ab | 97.28ab | 95.05ab | 91.98b | 97.43a | 0.692 | 0.031 | 0.784 | 0.813 |
| 苏氨酸Thr | 89.72b | 96.74a | 93.63a | 81.32c | 95.22a | 1.529 | <0.001 | 0.698 | 0.881 |
| 酪氨酸Tyr | 92.64bc | 95.69ab | 93.82abc | 90.82c | 96.66a | 0.673 | 0.013 | 0.525 | 0.621 |
| 缬氨酸Val | 89.81bc | 96.14a | 92.35ab | 87.70c | 95.56a | 0.992 | 0.003 | 0.677 | 0.892 |
| 甘氨酸Gly | 73.83b | 89.13a | 84.20a | 61.93c | 89.03a | 2.926 | <0.001 | 0.884 | 0.963 |
| 非必需氨基酸NEAA | |||||||||
| 天冬氨酸Asp | 90.51a | 88.46ab | 82.50c | 86.48abc | 85.31bc | 0.929 | 0.034 | 0.055 | 0.400 |
| 丝氨酸Ser | 92.45a | 96.44a | 96.24a | 71.60b | 96.53a | 2.644 | <0.001 | 0.391 | 0.527 |
| 胱氨酸Cys | 90.89b | 87.82b | 96.80a | 90.27b | 96.79a | 1.125 | 0.005 | 0.072 | 0.194 |
| 谷氨酸Glu | 94.38b | 97.68a | 97.57a | 90.71c | 97.63a | 0.748 | <0.001 | 0.930 | 0.994 |
| 丙氨酸Ala | 93.31b | 96.44a | 95.02ab | 87.49c | 96.24a | 0.920 | <0.001 | 0.653 | 0.745 |
| 脯氨酸Pro | 92.82 | 89.19 | 96.65 | 90.01 | 94.73 | 1.002 | 0.063 | 0.532 | 0.795 |
| 总氨基酸Total AA | 91.34b | 95.10a | 94.31a | 88.71c | 94.49a | 0.694 | <0.001 | 0.987 | 0.992 |
2.4 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡小肠消化酶活性的影响
表7 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡小肠消化酶活性的影响Table 7 Effects of replacing soybean meal with Eucommia ulmoides seed meal on small intestinal digestive enzyme activities of laying hens in late laying period U/mg prot |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | EUSM10 | EUSM20 | EUSM30 | EUSM40 | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 十二指肠Duodenum | |||||||||
| 胰蛋白酶Trypsin | 66.43b | 81.56a | 57.39c | 25.01d | 32.79d | 4.041 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 淀粉酶Amylase | 14.04 | 14.04 | 13.26 | 13.39 | 11.44 | 0.395 | 0.212 | 0.034 | 0.069 |
| 脂肪酶Lipase | 4.73c | 6.72b | 8.76a | 4.19c | 7.74ab | 0.396 | <0.001 | 0.220 | 0.274 |
| 空肠Jejunum | |||||||||
| 胰蛋白酶Trypsin | 67.56a | 73.27a | 47.34b | 55.38b | 25.87c | 3.447 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 淀粉酶Amylase | 14.50 | 13.90 | 13.07 | 13.79 | 14.13 | 0.176 | 0.118 | 0.503 | 0.047 |
| 脂肪酶Lipase | 12.51a | 4.55c | 5.55c | 9.68b | 9.93b | 0.648 | <0.001 | 0.995 | <0.001 |
| 回肠Ileum | |||||||||
| 胰蛋白酶Trypsin | 42.46 | 45.16 | 41.75 | 40.42 | 34.96 | 1.748 | 0.469 | 0.112 | 0.176 |
| 淀粉酶Amylase | 14.96a | 13.79b | 13.39b | 15.49a | 14.95a | 0.205 | 0.001 | 0.233 | 0.034 |
| 脂肪酶Lipase | 2.97bc | 2.63bc | 5.26a | 3.39b | 2.26c | 0.230 | <0.001 | 0.698 | 0.003 |
2.5 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡盲肠微生物区系的影响
2.5.1 盲肠微生物多样性
2.5.2 盲肠微生物组成及差异分析
图4 盲肠微生物门(A)和属(B)水平组成Firmicutes:厚壁菌门;Bacteroidota:拟杆菌门;Actinobacteriota:放线菌门;Desulfobacterota:脱硫杆菌门;Proteobacteria:变形菌门;Synergistota:互养菌门;Verrucomicrobiota:疣微菌门;Cyanobacteria:蓝细菌门;Spirochaetota:螺旋体门;Patescibacteria:帕氏菌门;Campylobacterota:弯曲杆菌门;Deferribacterota:脱铁杆菌门;Fusobacteriota:梭杆菌门;Elusimicrobiota:迷踪微菌门;Tenericutes:柔膜菌门;Chloroflexi:绿弯菌门;Planctomycetota:浮霉菌门;Acidobacteriota:酸杆菌门;Myxococcota:黏球菌门;Gemmatimonadota:芽单胞菌门;Lentisphaerae:弯月菌门;Nitrospirota:硝化螺旋菌门;Candidatus_Aribacteria:候选阿里菌门;SAR324_clade_marine_group:SAR324分支海洋类群;Dependentiae:依存菌门;Methylomirabilota:甲基米拉比罗菌门;Others:其他;Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group:理研菌科RC9肠道群;Bacteroides:拟杆菌属;Olsenella:奥尔森氏菌属;Desulfovibrio:脱硫弧菌属;Prevotellaceae_UCG-001:普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001;Clostridium:梭菌属;Megamonas:巨单胞菌属;NK4A214_group:NK4A214群;Synergistes:互养菌属;Faecalibacterium:粪杆菌属;Ruminococcus torques_group:扭链瘤胃球菌群;Megasphaera:巨球型菌属;Oscillibacter:颤杆菌属;Christensenellaceae_R-7_group:克里斯滕森菌科R-7群;Subdoligranulum:小杆菌属;Collinsella:柯林斯菌属;Ligilactobacillus:轻乳杆菌属;Eubacterium:真杆菌属;Akkermansia:阿克曼菌属;Romboutsia:隆布茨菌属;Negativibacillus:负杆菌属;Phascolarctobacterium:考拉杆菌属;Blautia:布劳特氏菌属;Erysipelatoclostridium:丹毒梭菌属;Lactobacillus:乳杆菌属;Colidextribacter:共消化杆菌属;Sellimonas:塞利单胞菌属;Parabacteroides:副拟杆菌属。图5同 the same as Fig.5。 Fig.4 Composition of cecal microbiota at phylum (A) and genus (B) levels |
图5 盲肠微生物LEfSe分析A:LEfSe分析进化分支图;B:LDA得分柱状图(LDA得分>3.0)。A: evolutionary branching diagram of LEfSe analysis; B: histogram of LDA score (LDA score>3.0). p_:门 phylum;c_:纲 class;o_:目 order;f_:科 family;g_:属 genus;s_:种 species。Bacteroidia:拟杆菌纲;Coriobacteriia:红蝽菌纲;Desulfovibrionia:脱硫弧菌纲;Synergistia:互养菌纲;Bacteroidales:拟杆菌目;Coriobacteriales:红蝽菌目;Oscillospirales:颤螺旋菌目;Clostridia_UGG-014:梭菌纲UGG-014;Desulfovibrionales:脱硫弧菌目;Synergistales:互养菌目;Verrucomicrobiales:疣微菌目;Bacteroidaceae:拟杆菌科;Atopobiaceae:阿托波菌科;Bacteroidales_unclassified:未分类拟杆菌目;Clostridia_UGG-014_unclassified:未分类梭菌纲UGG-014;Clostridiaceae:梭菌科;Desulfovibrionaceae:脱硫弧菌科;Synergistaceae:互养菌科;Coriobacteriaceae:红蝽菌科;Veillonellaceae:韦荣球菌科;Akkermansiaceae:阿克曼菌科;Bacteroidales_unclassified:未分类拟杆菌目;Clostridiaceae_unclassified:未分类梭菌科;Olsenella_sp._1183:奥尔森菌种1183;Desulfovibrio_unclassified:未分类脱硫弧菌属;NK4A214_group_unclassified:未分类NK4A214群;Olsenella_sp._SN21:奥尔森菌种SN21;Bacteroides_caecigallinarum:鸡盲肠拟杆菌;Bacteroides_barnesiae:巴恩斯拟杆菌;UGG-005_unclassified:未分类UGG-005;Megasphaera_unclassified:未分类巨球型菌属;Akkermansia_unclassified:未分类阿克曼菌属;Faecalibacterium_unclassified:未分类粪杆菌属;Bacteroides_unclassified:未分类拟杆菌属;Oscillospiraceae_unclassified:未分类颤螺旋菌科;Bacteroides_togensis:塔根氏拟杆菌;uncultured_Bacteroides_sp.:未培养拟杆菌;Paludibacteraceae_unclassified:未分类沼杆菌科;Intestinimonas_unclassified:未分类肠单胞菌属;Butyricicoccus_unclassified:未分类丁酸球菌属;Negativibacillus_unclassified:未分类负杆菌属;Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group_unclassified:未分类普雷沃菌科Ga6A1群;NK4A214_group_unclassified:未分类NK4A214群;Collinsella_tuilae:图伊拉柯林斯菌;Bacteroidota_unclassified:未分类拟杆菌门;Enterorhabdus_unclassified:未分类肠杆菌属;UGG-004_unclassified:未分类UGG-004;Synergistes_unclassified:未分类互养菌属; Ruminococcus_torques_group_unclassified:未分类扭链瘤胃球菌群;Synergistes_sp._CNM_1720.08:互养菌属CNM 1720.08菌株;Clostridia_vadinBB60_group_unclassified:未分类梭菌纲vadinBB60群。 Fig.5 LEfSe analysis of cecal microbiota |
表8 杜仲籽粕替代豆粕对产蛋后期蛋鸡盲肠门和属水平差异微生物相对丰度的影响Table 8 Effects of replacing soybean meal with Eucommia ulmoides seed meal on relative abundance of differential microbiota at phylum and genus levels in cecum of laying hens in late laying period % |
| 项目 Items | 组别Groups | SEM | P值P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | EUSM10 | EUSM20 | EUSM30 | EUSM40 | 方差分析 ANOVA | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | ||
| 门水平Phylum level | |||||||||
| 拟杆菌门Bacteroidota | 43.54a | 32.18b | 35.31b | 43.27a | 30.89b | 1.505 | 0.003 | 0.076 | 0.214 |
| 脱硫杆菌门 Desulfobacterota | 3.67b | 3.28b | 2.98b | 5.54a | 6.67a | 0.349 | <0.001 | 0.082 | 0.008 |
| 放线菌门Actinobacteriota | 1.18b | 8.00a | 9.85a | 6.54ab | 7.91a | 0.957 | 0.034 | 0.006 | 0.012 |
| 互养菌门Synergistota | 0.55c | 1.53b | 2.17ab | 1.54b | 2.70a | 0.191 | 0.001 | 0.322 | 0.027 |
| 弯曲杆菌门 Campylobacterota | 0.15b | 0.08c | 0.32a | 0.15b | 0.33a | 0.028 | 0.003 | 0.386 | 0.032 |
| 属水平Genus level | |||||||||
| 理研菌科RC9肠道群 Rikenellaceae_RC9_ gut_group | 10.99b | 11.21b | 19.52a | 16.45ab | 16.71ab | 1.156 | 0.033 | 0.646 | 0.013 |
| 拟杆菌属Bacteroides | 12.36a | 4.04b | 4.59b | 4.56b | 4.30b | 0.747 | <0.001 | 0.005 | <0.001 |
| 奥尔森氏菌属Olsenella | 0.40b | 4.29a | 5.85a | 2.15b | 4.81a | 0.507 | <0.001 | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| 梭菌纲vadinBB60群 Clostridia_vadinBB60_ group | 1.27b | 2.23a | 2.60a | 2.15a | 2.37a | 0.138 | 0.009 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| NK4A214群 NK4A214_group | 0.70c | 2.60a | 1.62b | 2.11ab | 2.42a | 0.175 | <0.001 | 0.041 | 0.002 |
| 未分类拟杆菌门 Bacteroidota_unclassified | 0.98ab | 1.25a | 1.21a | 1.15a | 0.72b | 0.059 | 0.013 | 0.162 | 0.024 |
| 克里斯滕森菌科R-7群 Christensenellaceae_ R-7_group | 0.85b | 1.71a | 0.89b | 0.28c | 0.91b | 0.105 | <0.001 | 0.017 | <0.001 |
| UCG-004 | 0.04d | 0.42bc | 0.84a | 0.16cd | 0.52b | 0.657 | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.019 |
| 毛螺菌属Lachnospira | 2.11b | 3.47a | 2.49ab | 2.27b | 2.54ab | 0.155 | 0.045 | 0.466 | 0.713 |
| 梭菌属Clostridium | 1.25b | 1.98ab | 1.96ab | 2.63a | 1.66b | 0.134 | 0.011 | 0.037 | 0.047 |
| 未分类梭菌科 Clostridiaceae_unclassified | 0.90b | 2.09ab | 2.70a | 1.56ab | 1.92ab | 0.201 | 0.045 | 0.077 | 0.181 |
| 互养菌属Synergistes | 0.55c | 1.53b | 2.17ab | 1.54b | 2.70a | 0.191 | 0.001 | 0.050 | 0.011 |
