1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.2 试验主要仪器
1.3 3-NOP标准储备液和标准工作液配制
1.4 流动相配置
1.5 测试样品处理
1.6 色谱条件
表1 UPLC梯度洗脱程序Table 1 UPLC gradient elution program |
| 时间 Time/min | 流速 Flow velocity/(mL/min) | 流动相A Mobile phase A/% | 流动相B Mobile phase B/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.00 | 0.20 | 90 | 10 |
| 5.00 | 0.20 | 90 | 10 |
| 5.17 | 0.20 | 0 | 100 |
| 7.00 | 0.20 | 0 | 100 |
| 7.17 | 0.20 | 90 | 10 |
| 8.33 | 0.20 | 90 | 10 |
1.7 样品特异性
1.8 线性和范围
1.9 检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)
1.10 提取效率
1.11 精密度和回收率
表2 空白基质3-NOP溶液配制Table 2 Preparation of blank matrix 3-NOP solution |
| 项目 Items | 空白基质质量 Blank matrix mass/mg | 3-NOP标准储备液体积 3-NOP standard reserve liquid volume/mL | 3-NOP浓度 3-NOP concentration/ (μg/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 0 | 0.5 | 25 |
| 0 | 1.0 | 50 | |
| 0 | 2.0 | 100 | |
| 0 | 3.0 | 150 | |
二氧化硅 SiO2 | 100 | 0.5 | 25 |
| 100 | 1.0 | 50 | |
| 100 | 2.0 | 100 | |
| 100 | 3.0 | 150 | |
砻糠 Rice chaff | 1 000 | 0.5 | 25 |
| 1 000 | 1.0 | 50 | |
| 1 000 | 2.0 | 100 | |
| 1 000 | 3.0 | 150 |
1.12 重复性
HorRat=$\frac{\mathrm{R}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}}}{\mathrm{R}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{p}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{d}}}$;
RSDtotal=CV;
RSDpredicted=2C-0.15。
1.13 溶液稳定性
2 结果与分析
2.1 样品特异性
2.2 线性和范围
表3 3-NOP标准品线性Table 3 Standard linearity of 3-NOP |
| 3-NOP配制浓度 3-NOP preparation concentration/(μg/mL) | 峰面积 Peak area/ (μAU/s) | 3-NOP计算浓度 3-NOP calculation concentration/(μg/mL) | 偏差 Deviation/% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 200.51 | 2 369 746 | 199.89 | -0.32 |
| 100.25 | 1 197 660 | 101.02 | 0.77 |
| 50.13 | 601 963 | 50.78 | 1.29 |
| 20.05 | 244 529 | 20.63 | 2.87 |
| 10.03 | 122 912 | 10.37 | 3.41 |
| 5.01 | 60 986 | 5.15 | 2.67 |
| 2.00 | 24 227 | 2.05 | 2.18 |
| 0.99 | 11 243 | 0.95 | -4.32 |
2.3 LOD和LOQ
表4 3-NOP的LOD和LOQTable 4 LOD and LOQ of 3-NOP |
| 项目 Items | 检出限 LOD/(μg/mL) | 信噪比 S/N | 定量限 LOQ/(μg/mL) | 信噪比 S/N |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-硝基氧基丙醇 3-NOP | 0.04 | 3.06 | 0.15 | 11.49 |
| 0.04 | 3.04 | 0.15 | 11.39 | |
| 0.04 | 3.00 | 0.15 | 11.25 | |
| 0.04 | 2.90 | 0.15 | 10.88 | |
| 0.04 | 3.13 | 0.15 | 11.72 | |
| 0.04 | 3.21 | 0.15 | 12.03 | |
| 0.04 | 2.99 | 0.15 | 11.22 | |
| 0.04 | 3.05 | 0.15 | 11.43 | |
| 平均值 Mean | 0.04 | 3.05 | 0.15 | 11.43 |
2.4 提取效率
表5 3-NOP的提取效率Table 5 Extraction efficiency of 3-NOP |
| 项目 Items | 第1次提取3-NOP含量 3-NOP content in the first extraction/ (mg/g) | 第2次提取3-NOP含量 3-NOP content in the second extraction/ (mg/g) | 累计提取3-NOP含量 Accumulative extract content of 3 -NOP/ (mg/g) | 提取效率 Extraction efficiency/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 添加剂1 Additive 1 | 100.57 | 0.15 | 100.72 | 99.86 |
| 添加剂2 Additive 2 | 100.00 | 0.09 | 100.08 | 99.92 |
| 添加剂3 Additive 3 | 99.14 | 0.18 | 99.32 | 99.82 |
| 预混料1 Premix 1 | 5.41 | 0.01 | 5.42 | 99.79 |
| 预混料2 Premix 2 | 7.97 | 0.00 | 7.97 | 99.98 |
| 预混料3 Premix 3 | 10.50 | 0.01 | 10.51 | 99.89 |
2.5 精密度和回收率
表6 3-NOP检测的精密度和回收率Table 6 Accuracy and recovery of 3-NOP detection% |
| 3-NOP理论含量 3-NOP theoretical content | 3-NOP在对照中含量 3-NOP content in control | 3-NOP在SiO2中含量 3-NOP content in SiO2 | 3-NOP在砻糠中含量 3-NOP content in rice chaff | 3-NOP在空白基质中回收率 Recovery of 3-NOP in blank matrix | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 测定值 Measured value | 平均值 Mean | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 测定值 Measured value | 平均值 Mean | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 测定值 Measured value | 平均值 Mean | 相对标 准偏差 RSD | 二氧化硅 SiO2 | 砻糠 Rice chaff | |||||
| 2.50 | 2.48 | 2.49 | 0.19 | 2.50 | 2.49 | 0.14 | 2.50 | 2.49 | 0.18 | 100.22 | 100.16 | ||||
| 2.49 | 2.49 | 2.49 | |||||||||||||
| 2.49 | 2.49 | 2.49 | |||||||||||||
| 5.00 | 5.05 | 5.03 | 0.42 | 5.01 | 5.02 | 0.21 | 5.06 | 5.06 | 0.06 | 99.74 | 100.62 | ||||
| 5.03 | 5.03 | 5.06 | |||||||||||||
| 5.01 | 5.02 | 5.06 | |||||||||||||
| 10.00 | 10.06 | 10.13 | 0.63 | 10.10 | 10.10 | 0.15 | 10.35 | 10.33 | 0.22 | 99.74 | 101.97 | ||||
| 10.18 | 10.08 | 10.31 | |||||||||||||
| 10.14 | 10.11 | 10.32 | |||||||||||||
| 15.00 | 15.32 | 15.33 | 0.37 | 15.38 | 15.42 | 0.24 | 15.56 | 15.57 | 0.14 | 100.65 | 101.62 | ||||
| 15.38 | 15.44 | 15.56 | |||||||||||||
| 15.27 | 15.45 | 15.60 | |||||||||||||
2.6 重复性
表7 3-NOP检测的重复性Table 7 Repeatability of 3-NOP detection |
| 项目 Items | 3-NOP含量 3-NOP content/% | 平均值 Mean/% | 相对标准偏差 RSD/% | 霍维茨比率 HorRat | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 第1天 Day 1 | 第2天 Day 2 | 第3天 Day 3 | 第4天 Day 4 | 第5天 Day 5 | 日内 Intra-day | 日间 Inter-day | 总体 Overall | |||
| 添加剂1 Additive 1 | 10.09 | 10.11 | 10.20 | 10.32 | 10.06 | 10.16 | 1.47 | 1.49 | 1.48 | 0.02 |
| 添加剂2 Additive 2 | 10.09 | 10.23 | 10.49 | 10.14 | 10.00 | 10.19 | 1.50 | 2.61 | 2.13 | 0.03 |
| 添加剂3 Additive 3 | 10.04 | 10.19 | 10.13 | 10.16 | 9.91 | 10.09 | 0.17 | 1.57 | 1.10 | 0.01 |
| 预混料1 Premix 1 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 1.65 | 1.98 | 1.82 | 0.01 |
| 预混料2 Premix 2 | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.94 | 1.44 | 1.21 | 0.01 |
| 预混料3 Premix 3 | 1.05 | 1.06 | 1.04 | 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.06 | 0.52 | 2.17 | 1.58 | 0.01 |
2.7 溶液稳定性
表8 3-NOP标准溶液在样品盘中的稳定性Table 8 Stability of 3-NOP standard solution in sample tray |
| 项目 Items | 3-NOP标准溶液浓度 3-NOP standard solution concentration/(μg/mL) | |
|---|---|---|
| 50.27 | 20.11 | |
| 储存时间 Storage time/h | ||
| 0 | 50.04 | 19.98 |
| 10 | 50.06 | 19.84 |
| 20 | 50.41 | 20.20 |
| 54 | 51.42 | 20.57 |
| 90 | 51.37 | 20.41 |
| 平均值 Mean | 50.66 | 20.20 |
| 0与90 h间偏差 Deviation between 0 and 90 h/% | 2.66 | 2.15 |
| 相对标准偏差 RSD/% | 1.36 | 1.48 |
表9 饲料添加剂和预混料样品在UPLC样品盘中的稳定性Table 9 Stability of feed additive and premix samples in UPLC sample tray |
| 项目 Items | 3-NOP含量 3-NOP content/% | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 添加剂1 Additive 1 | 添加剂2 Additive 2 | 添加剂3 Additive 3 | 预混料1 Premix 1 | 预混料2 Premix 2 | 预混料3 Premix 3 | |
| 储存时间 Storage time/h | ||||||
| 0 | 10.44 | 10.13 | 10.16 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.54 |
| 10 | 10.36 | 10.09 | 10.13 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.54 |
| 20 | 10.45 | 10.17 | 10.18 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.54 |
| 54 | 10.59 | 10.29 | 10.31 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.54 |
| 90 | 10.59 | 10.32 | 10.35 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.54 |
| 平均值 Mean | 10.49 | 10.20 | 10.23 | 1.06 | 0.79 | 0.54 |
| 0与90 h间偏差 Deviation between 0 and 90 h/% | 1.44 | 1.88 | 1.87 | 0.26 | 0.74 | -0.28 |
| 相对标准偏差 RSD/% | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.93 | 0.51 |
表10 标准品和样品中3-NOP的稳定性Table 10 Stability of 3-NOP in standard products and samples |
| 项目 Items | 回归方程 Regression equations | 3-NOP稳定性 3-NOP stability/% |
|---|---|---|
| 标准溶液 Standard solution (50.27 μg/mL) | y=0.017 2x+50.061 | 103.09 |
| 标准溶液 Standard solution (20.11 μg/mL) | y=0.006 5x+19.975 | 102.93 |
| 添加剂1 Additive 1 | y=0.002 4x+10.403 | 102.31 |
| 添加剂2 Additive 2 | y=0.002 6x+10.111 | 102.25 |
| 添加剂3 Additive 3 | y=0.002 5x+10.138 | 102.22 |
| 预混料1 Premix 1 | y=0.000 01x+1.057 | 100.09 |
| 预混料2 Premix 2 | y=0.000 05x+0.789 | 100.57 |
| 预混料3 Premix 3 | y=0.000 003x+0.542 | 100.05 |
x表示时间(h),y表示3-NOP浓度(μg/mL)或含量(%)。 | |
x represented time (h), and y represented concentration (μg/mL) or content (%) of 3-NOP. |
