Primary cell culture is a fundamental method to obtain enough amounts of cells for scientific researches. Invertebrates including aquatic and terrestrial, and both are ectotherm with significant differences in their biological characteristics. Therefore, different methods should be carried out for different invertebrate primary cell culture. Factors of primary cell culture such as culture conditions, medium composition and culture methods are compared, and problems met in the process of primary cell culture and their solutions are also mentioned in this paper in order to provide a reference for related researches.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition，2011，23（2）：203-209］