AQUACULTURE NUTRITION

A Comparative Study: Effects of Different Protein Sources on Flesh Quality of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and Japanese Seabass (Lateolabrax japonicas)

  • YU Xiaotong ,
  • LIANG Xiaofang ,
  • WANG Jia ,
  • HAN Fang ,
  • LI Junguo ,
  • ZHENG Yinhua ,
  • WU Xiufeng ,
  • WANG Xin ,
  • LIANG Xufang ,
  • XUE Min
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  • 1. National Aquatic Feed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Institute Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China;
    3. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
    4. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China;
    5. Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China

Received date: 2016-01-25

  Online published: 2016-07-28

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the effects of different protein sources on body composition, free amino acid composition in muscle and fillet texture characteristics of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicas). Three isoenergetic and isonitrogenous experimental diets were designed for grass carp and Japanese seabass, respectively. The control group diet for grass carp used low temperature steam-dried fish meal as sole protein source, and used blended plant protein (soybean meal and soybean protein concentrate) to replace 80% and 100% fish meal, respectively, which were named as CI-FM, CI-PPB80 and CI-PPB100 groups, respectively. The control group diet for Japanese seabass used Peru fish meal as sole protein source, and used blended plant protein (cottonseed protein concentrate and soybean protein concentrate) to replace 50% and 100% fish meal, respectively, which were named as LJ-FM, LJ-PPB50 and LJ-PPB100 groups, respectively. Each grass carp diet was fed to 3 replicates with 20 grass carp [initial body weight of (153.40±0.30) g], and each Japanese seabass diet was fed to 4 replicates with 25 Japanese seabass [(initial body weight of (12.97±0.03) g]. After an 8-week experiment, body composition, free amino acid composition in muscle and fillet texture characteristics, drop loss, shear force and collagen content were investigated. The results showed that muscle ether extract content of grass carp in CI-PPB100 group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while ash content was significantly increased compared with CI-FM group (P<0.05). However, the muscle ether extract content of Japanese seabass was firstly increased and then down with the replacement level increasing, and showed LJ-PPB100 group was significantly higher than LJ-PPB50 group (P<0.05). No differences were observed in the muscle total free amino acid (TFAA) and biogenic precursor contents among all groups of grass carp (P>0.05). With the replacement level increasing, the muscle TFAA and flavor amino acid (FAA) contents of Japanese seabass were significantly decreased (P<0.05) and biogenic precursor content was significantly increased (P<0.05). We found several specific components in both species. Furthermore, the texture characteristics of raw and cooked fillets showed much more significant difference between the two species. For both of fish, the raw fillets in full fish meal groups showed significantly higher hardness, gumminess, chewiness, resilience and shear force than those of blended plant protein groups (P<0.05). The cohesiveness of cooked fillets of CI-PPB80 group was significantly higher than that of other two groups (P<0.05), but no significant differences were observed in the other indexes (P>0.05). The hardness and adhesive of cooked fillets of LJ-PPB100 group were significantly higher than those of LJ-FM group (P<0.05), but no significant differences were observed in the other indexes (P>0.05). In conclusion, using blended plant protein to replace fish meal can reduce fillet lipopexia for two species, and has no effect on muscle TFAA content of grass carp, but can reduce the muscle FAA, biogenic precursor and essential amino acid contents, and shorten the shelf life of Japanese seabass. High plant protein diet can reduce flesh quality, while high fish meal diet can ensure a better flesh quality of grass carp and Japanese seabass.

Cite this article

YU Xiaotong , LIANG Xiaofang , WANG Jia , HAN Fang , LI Junguo , ZHENG Yinhua , WU Xiufeng , WANG Xin , LIANG Xufang , XUE Min . A Comparative Study: Effects of Different Protein Sources on Flesh Quality of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and Japanese Seabass (Lateolabrax japonicas)[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2016 , 28(7) : 2055 -2068 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.07.010

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