This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat source on performance, nutrient digestibility and serum lipid metabolism and antioxidant indices of meat rabbits under heat stress. Six hundred 30-day-old weaned New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups, and each group included six replicates and each replicate included 20 rabbits. Rabbits in control group were fed a basal diet, and rabbits in fat addition groups were fed diets contained 2% butter, lard, corn oil and soybean oil, respectively. The experiment lasted for seven weeks, and all rabbits were fed in the rabbit house under heat stress environment (temperature-humidity index was 29.5±0.5). The results showed as follows: compared with control group, diet with different sources of fat under heat stress condition could significantly increase the average daily gain of meat rabbits (P<0.05), significantly decrease the feed/gain (P<0.05), and the corn oil had the best effect. Compared with control group, diet with different sources of fat under heat stress condition could significantly increase the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein (P<0.05), and significantly decrease the digestibility of ether extract, but had no significant effect on the digestibility of ash and crude fibre (P>0.05). The digestibility of dry matter of corn oil group was the highest, and the digestibility of crude protein of soybean oil group was the highest. Compared with control group, diet with butter or lard under heat stress condition could significantly improve the contents of triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum (P<0.05), but the contents of triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum of corn oil group and soybean oil group were not significantly different (P>0.05). Compared with control group, diet with corn oil or soybean oil under heat stress condition could significantly improve the serum superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity (P<0.05), and significantly reduce the serum malondialdehyde content (P<0.05), but the serum superoxide dismutase activity, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde content of butter group and lard group were not significantly different (P>0.05). The results indicate that diet with different sources of fat under heat stress condition can increase the performance and the digestibility dry matter and crude protein of meat rabbits, and the overall effect shows corn oil group > soybean oil group > lard group > butte group. Diet with butter or lard under heat stress condition can significantly improve the serum triglyceride and total cholesterol contents, but has no significant effect on the antioxidant capacity of meat rabbits. Diet with corn oil or soybean oil under heat stress condition has no significant effects on the serum triglyceride and total cholesterol contents, but can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity of meat rabbits.