Effects of Mixing Ratio of Alfalfa and Sweet Sorghum on Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Silage

DAI Sheng; WANG Fei; DONG Xiang; HAO Jun

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.040

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 2306 - 2315

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.040

RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

Effects of Mixing Ratio of Alfalfa and Sweet Sorghum on Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Silage

DAI Sheng ,
WANG Fei ,
DONG Xiang ,
HAO Jun

Expand

Department of Grass Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Received date: 2019-11-08

Online published: 2020-05-15

Fold

Abstract

The study aims to investigate the effects of mixing ratio of alfalfa and sweet sorghum on nutritional quality and aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage, and then to determine the appropriate mixing ratio of those two forages. The mixing ratio of alfalfa and sweet sorghum were 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7 and 0:10, which were recorded as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups, respectively, and then mixed with concentrate at 6:4 to formulate 6 TMR. After 60 days of silage, the nutritional component contents, fermentation quality and the dynamic changes of main microorganisms after 0 (the moment of opening), 3, 6, 9 and 12 days of aerobic exposure were measured. The results showed as follows:1) the dry matter content in TMR silage gradually decreased with the increasing of the proportion of sweet sorghum, while the crude protein content increased relatively. The crude protein content in T2 group was the highest (19.59%), which was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05) except T3 group. The ether extract content in T5 group was the lowest (2.12%). There was no significant difference in neutral detergent fiber content among groups (P>0.05). 2) With the increasing of the proportion of sweet sorghum, the content of lactic acid increased gradually. The pH of TMR silage in each group was lower than 4.2, the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen was less than 10%, and a small amount of propionic acid was detected, while no butyric acid was detected. 3) After aerobic exposure, the amount of lactic acid bacteria of TMR silage in each group decreased gradually with the prolongation of aerobic exposure time, while the amounts of aerobic bacteria and yeasts increased gradually. 4) The energy values of TMR silage decreased gradually with the increasing of the proportion of sweet sorghum, and the energy provided by TMR silage in T1 and T2 groups were higher than other groups. Considering the nutritional component contents, fermentation quality, aerobic stability and energy provided by TMR silage, it is recommended that the mixing ratio of alfalfa and sweet sorghum in TMR silage is 7:3, which TMR silage can be used in beef production of Guizhou area.

Key words： alfalfa; sweet sorghum; fermentation TMR; fermentation quality; aerobic stability

Cite this article

DAI Sheng , WANG Fei , DONG Xiang , HAO Jun . Effects of Mixing Ratio of Alfalfa and Sweet Sorghum on Nutritional Quality and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Silage[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020 , 32(5) : 2306 -2315 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.040

References

[1] 石志芳,席磊.新时代我国畜牧业的发展趋势与对策[J].家畜生态学报,2018,39(6):1-4,33.
[2] 庄文发,陈冲,张晓华,等.粮改饲的主要问题与对策思考[J].现代畜牧兽医,2017(7):56-59.
[3] 张广宁,刘鑫,么恩悦,等.应用康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系和NRC模型评价发酵全混合日粮的营养价值[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(2):930-939.
[4] NISHINO N,HARADA H,SAKAGUCHI E.Evaluation of fermentation and aerobic stability of wet brewers' grains ensiled alone or in combination with various feeds as a total mixed ration[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2010,83(6):557-563.
[5] WANG F,NISHINO N.Ensiling of soybean curd residue and wet brewers grains with or without other feeds as a total mixed ration[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2008,91(6):2380-2387.

[6] ISHIDA K,YANI S,KITAGAWA M,et al.Effects of adding food by-products mainly including noodle waste to total mixed ration silage on fermentation quality,feed intake,digestibility,nitrogen utilization and ruminal fermentation in wethers[J].Animal Science Journal,2012,83(11):735-742.

[7] BILIK K,STRZETELSKI J,FURGAŁ-DIERŻUK I,et al.Effect of supplementing TMR diets with artificial saliva and acid buf on optimizing ruminal pH and fermentation activity in cows[J].Annals of Animal Science,2014,14(3):585-593.

[8] 张丁华,王艳丰,刘健,等.多花黑麦草与紫花苜蓿混合青贮发酵品质和体外消化率的研究[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(4):1725-1732.
[9] MUCK R E,DICKERSON J T.Storage temperature effects on proteolysis in alfalfa silage[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1988,31(4):1005-1009.

[10] NAGEL S A,BRODERICK G A.Effect of formic acid or formaldehyde treatment of alfalfa silage on nutrient utilization by dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(1):140-154.

[11] SHEPERD A C,MASLANKA M,QUINN D,et al.Additives containing bacteria and enzymes for alfalfa silage[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1995,78(3):565-572.

[12] YU J L,ZHANG X,TAN T W.Ethanol production by solid state fermentation of sweet sorghum using thermotolerant yeast strain[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2008,89(11):1056-1059.

[13] 中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 815-2004肉牛饲养标准[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[14] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6435-2014饲料中水分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[15] 国家市场监督管理总局,国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6432-2018饲料中粗蛋白的测定凯氏定氮法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2018.
[16] VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.

[17] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6433-2006饲料中粗脂肪的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[18] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6438-2007饲料中粗灰分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[19] 冯宗慈,高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1993(4):40-41.
[20] 孙蕊,贾鹏禹,武瑞,等.高效液相色谱法快速测定青贮饲料中4种有机酸的含量[J].饲料研究,2019,42(4):77-80.
[21] 许兰娇,赵二龙,柏峻,等.不同比例苎麻和象草混合青贮饲料品质比较研究[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(6):2830-2841.
[22] RUIZ T M,SANCHEZ W K,STAPLES C R,et al.Comparison of ‘Mott’ dwarf elephantgrass silage and corn silage for lactating dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(2):533-543.

[23] 李旭娇.紫花苜蓿青贮饲料蛋白降解机制与调控研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2018.
[24] WANG J,WANG J Q,ZHOU H,et al.Effects of addition of previously fermented juice prepared from alfalfa on fermentation quality and protein degradation of alfalfa silage[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2009,151(3/4):280-290.
[25] 陈雷.燕麦和箭筈豌豆替代全株玉米对TMR发酵品质和有氧稳定性的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[26] OWENS V N,ALBRECHT K A,MUCK R E,et al.Protein degradation and fermentation characteristics of red clover and alfalfa silage harvested with varying levels of total nonstructural carbohydrates[J].Crop Science,1999,39(6):1873-1880.

[27] JACOBS J L,MCKENZIE F R,RIGBY S E,et al.Effect of nitrogen fertiliser application and length of lock up on dairy pasture dry matter yield and quality for silage in south-western Victoria[J].Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture,1998,38(3):219-226.

[28] WEINBERG Z G.Preservation of forage crops by solid-state lactic acid fermentation-ensiling[M]//PANDEY A,SOCCOL C R,LARROCHE C.Current developments in solid-state fermentation.New York,NY:Springer,2008:443-467.
[29] 丁良,王坚,闻爱友,等.笋壳替代全株玉米TMR发酵品质及有氧稳定性研究[J].草业学报,2016,25(6):158-166.
[30] 邱小燕.提高青稞秸秆替代燕麦的TMR发酵品质及有氧稳定性研究[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[31] WILKINSON J M,DAVIES D R.The aerobic stability of silage:key findings and recent developments[J].Grass and Forage Science,2013,68(1):1-19.

[32] 暴瑞玲,于水利,王玉兰,等.温度对好氧颗粒污泥脱氮性能及颗粒稳定性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(7):697-701.
[33] HU X D,HAO W,WANG H L,et al.Fermentation characteristics and lactic acid bacteria succession of total mixed ration silages formulated with peach pomace[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2015,28(4):502-510.

[34] 王勇,原现军,郭刚,等.西藏不同饲草全混合日粮发酵品质和有氧稳定性的研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(6):95-102.
[35] CHEN L,GUO G,YUAN X J,et al.Effect of applying molasses and propionic acid on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silage prepared with whole-plant corn in Tibet[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(3):349-356.

[36] FILYA I.The Effect of Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus plantarum on the fermentation,aerobic stability,and ruminal degradability of low dry matter corn and sorghum silages[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(11):3575-3581.

[37] NISHINO N,YOSHIDA M,SHIOTA H,et al.Accumulation of 1,2-propanediol and enhancement of aerobic stability in whole crop maize silage inoculated with Lactobacillus buchneri[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology,2003,94(5):800-807.

[38] WOOLFORD M K.The detrimental effects of air on silage[J].The Journal of Applied Bacteriology,1990,68(2):101-116.

[39] 王慧丽.TMR在发酵过程中及有氧状态下酵母菌群落演替规律研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2015.
[40] WRÓBEL B,JANKOWSKA-HUFLEJT H.The influence of natural fertilization on quality and nutritive value of grass silage[J].Grassland Science in Europe,2010,15:581-583.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References