Effects of Dietary Palmitic Acid to Oleic Acid Ratio on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Bacterial Community Composition of Early Lactation Dairy Cows

HU Linqi; SHEN Yizhao; LI Yan; WANG Meimei; ZHANG Haibo; GUO Gang; SHEN Yueyu; LI Jianguo; GAO Yanxia; LI Suxia; WANG Ying

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.033

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 8: 5094 - 5106

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.033

RESEARCH PAPER

Effects of Dietary Palmitic Acid to Oleic Acid Ratio on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Bacterial Community Composition of Early Lactation Dairy Cows

HU Linqi ,
SHEN Yizhao ,
LI Yan ,
WANG Meimei ,
ZHANG Haibo ,
GUO Gang ,
SHEN Yueyu ,
LI Jianguo ,
GAO Yanxia ,
LI Suxia ,
WANG Ying

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
3. Beijing Shounong Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100076, China;
4. Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Cattle and Sheep Embryo, Baoding 071001, China;
5. Chengde Animal Husbandry Workstation, Chengde 067000, China

Received date: 2022-03-02

Online published: 2022-08-11

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary palmitic acid to oleic acid ratio on rumen fermentation parameters and bacterial community composition of early lactation dairy cows, to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the fatty acid composition of dairy cow diet. Healthy Holstein cows with similar parity [(2.39±0.20) parities], body weight [(668.3±20.1) kg], body condition score (3.29±0.06), milk yield [(47.9±1.6) kg] and lactation days [(63.5±2.6) d] were randomly divided into 3 groups with 24 cows in each group. The energy and crude protein levels were similar in the experimental diets, while the palmitic acid to oleic acid ratio in fat powder of experimental diets was 90.9 ∶ 9.1 (group A), 79.5 ∶ 20.5 (group B) and 72.7 ∶ 27.3 (group C), respectively. The pre-feeding period was 7 days and the experimental period was 28 days. (Result) The results showed as follows: 1) dietary palmitic acid to oleic acid ratio had no significant effects on ruminal fluid pH, concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and microbial protein, molar proportions of acetic acid and propionic acid, and acetic acid to propionic acid ratio (P＞0.05). The ruminal fluid total volatile fatty acid concentration tended to increase linearly (P=0.09), and the butyric acid concentration decreased linearly with dietary oleic acid ratio increasing (P＜0.01). 2) There were no significant differences in the Shannon and Simpson indexes among experimental groups (P>0.05). But the Chao1 and ACE indexes of groups B and C were significantly lower than those of group A (P＜0.05). 3) At the phylum level, with the oleic acid ratio increasing, the relative abundance of Fibrobacterota increased linearly (P＜0.01), the relative abundance of Bacteroidota tended to increase linearly (P=0.09), whereas the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Firmicutes/Bacteroidota decreased linearly (P＜0.01). At the genus level, the treatment effect was limited on bacterial community composition, only the relative abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 decreased linearly with the oleic acid ratio increasing (P＜0.01). In conclusion, dietary palmitic acid to oleic acid ratio at 72.7 ∶ 27.3 can change the richness of the rumen bacterial community, although it has little influence on the molar proportions of acetic acid and propionic acid in ruminal fluid, the rumen fermentation is improved by reducing the molar proportion of butyric acid and increasing the concentration of total volatile fatty acids.

Key words： palmitic acid; oleic acid; rumen fermentation; bacterial community composition

Cite this article

HU Linqi , SHEN Yizhao , LI Yan , WANG Meimei , ZHANG Haibo , GUO Gang , SHEN Yueyu , LI Jianguo , GAO Yanxia , LI Suxia , WANG Ying . Effects of Dietary Palmitic Acid to Oleic Acid Ratio on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Bacterial Community Composition of Early Lactation Dairy Cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022 , 34(8) : 5094 -5106 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.033

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