1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
1.1.1 样品采集
1.1.2 培养基及主要试剂
1.2 试验方法
1.2.1 牛源乳酸菌的分离纯化
1.2.2 16S rDNA菌种鉴定
1.2.3 产酸能力测定
1.2.4 耐酸性能测定
存活率(%)=100×试验组OD600/对照组OD600。
1.2.5 耐胆盐性能测定
1.2.6 疏水性能测定
疏水率(%)=100×(A0-At)/A0。
1.2.7 菌株抑菌性能测定
1.2.8 抗生素敏感性试验
1.3 数据统计分析
2 结果与分析
2.1 牛源乳酸菌的分离纯化
2.2 16S rDNA测序鉴定
表1 菌株形态学、生化试验分析及物种鉴定结果Table 1 Strain morphology, biochemical test analysis and species identification results |
| 菌株编号 Strain number | 细胞形态 Cell morphology | 革兰氏染色 Gram stain | NT数据库比对结果 NT database alignment results |
|---|---|---|---|
| L09 | rod | + | Lactobacillus casei |
| L10 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L15 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L23 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L29 | rod | + | Lactobacillus johnsonii |
| L35 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L39 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L37 | rod | + | Lactobacillus casei |
| L38 | rod | + | Lactobacillus casei group sp. |
| L39 | rod | + | Lactobacillus casei group sp. |
| L57 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L65 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L74 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L81 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L101 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L102 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L107 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L109 | rod | + | Lactobacillus casei |
| L113 | rod | + | Lactobacillus plantarum |
| L116 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L117 | rod | + | Lactobacillus paracasei |
| L120 | rod | + | Lactobacillus reuteri |
| L121 | rod | + | Lactobacillus plantarum |
| L123 | rod | + | Lactobacillus plantarum |
rod:杆状;+:阳性 positive;Lacticaseibacillus casei:干酪乳杆菌;Lactobacillus reuteri:罗伊氏乳杆菌;Lactobacillus johnsonii:约氏乳杆菌;Lactobacillus plantarum:植物乳杆菌;Lactobacillus paracasei:副干酪乳杆菌。 |
2.3 产酸能力测定试验结果
2.4 耐酸性能测定试验结果
2.5 耐胆盐性能测定试验结果
表2 罗伊氏乳杆菌和约氏乳杆菌在不同浓度胆盐下的存活率Table 2 Survival rates of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsonii under different concentrations of bile salt% |
| 菌株编号 Strain number | 胆盐浓度Bile salt concentrations/% | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | |
| L10 | 90.97±0.15b | 87.37±0.38c | 81.10±0.35b | 63.50±0.20cdef | 60.80±0.35be |
| L15 | 91.53±1.14b | 87.13±0.50cd | 82.13±1.43abc | 55.97±0.57d | 31.90±0.10e |
| L23 | 96.57±0.35ab | 90.23±0.25bc | 83.50±0.70ab | 67.27±1.25c | 53.77±0.55ce |
| L29 | 97.60±0.26a | 93.23±0.21a | 86.87±0.75a | 79.43±0.49abc | 72.07±0.91a |
| L35 | 97.00±0.10a | 90.60±0.10bc | 85.90±0.46a | 76.33±0.25b | 68.80±0.53ab |
| L39 | 90.63±0.45b | 82.47±0.31de | 79.13±0.32b | 69.80±0.26c | 59.33±0.15bce |
| L57 | 95.50±0.26a | 89.47±0.38bc | 80.97±0.42b | 75.83±0.25b | 64.03±0.86b |
| L65 | 96.30±0.43ab | 91.50±0.10ab | 85.57±0.38a | 78.63±0.42abc | 67.03±0.61ab |
| L74 | 93.70±0.35b | 80.67±0.25e | 68.03±0.32c | 50.77±0.42e | 45.90±0.50de |
| L81 | 96.73±0.12a | 93.70±0.26a | 88.40±0.52a | 80.90±0.26a | 71.87±0.23abe |
| L101 | 92.53±0.45b | 88.23±0.21c | 81.83±0.12ab | 69.77±0.61c | 50.33±0.32cde |
| L102 | 93.57±0.40b | 85.37±0.06cde | 80.37±0.38b | 71.53±0.12c | 66.83±0.49abe |
| L107 | 96.70±0.44ab | 89.37±0.12bc | 75.43±0.06b | 38.93±1.07f | 27.90±2.17e |
| L116 | 89.33±0.06b | 82.37±0.38de | 79.13±0.21b | 69.63±0.47cd | 59.83±0.55be |
| L120 | 96.93±0.15a | 91.37±0.21b | 85.97±0.23a | 78.90±0.44abc | 66.83±0.15abe |
同列数据肩标不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下表同。 | |
Values in the same column with different letter superscripts indicated significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below. |
2.6 疏水性能测定结果
2.7 菌株抑菌性能测定试验结果
表3 罗伊氏乳杆菌和约氏乳杆菌对致病菌的抑菌圈直径Table 3 Inhibition zone diameters of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsonii against pathogenic bacteriamm |
| 菌株编号 Strain number | 金黄色葡萄球菌 Staphylococcus aureus | 大肠杆菌 Escherichia coli | 沙门氏菌 Salmonella |
|---|---|---|---|
| L10 | 18.80±0.12bcd | 16.10±0.17c | 21.77±0.23a |
| L15 | 16.23±0.06d | 13.43±0.12d | 15.27±0.29b |
| L23 | 20.20±0.00b | 10.50±0.00dfg | 14.40±0.00b |
| L29 | 16.50±0.35cde | 15.00±0.35cdefg | 11.23±0.29bc |
| L35 | 17.07±0.06b | 10.60±0.00dfg | 17.70±0.00ab |
| L39 | 19.63±0.12b | 9.17±0.06g | 10.17±0.06bc |
| L57 | 15.67±0.40de | 9.57±0.23fg | 22.97±0.58a |
| L65 | 14.03±0.29de | 16.90±0.35bcdfg | 13.13±0.29b |
| L74 | 13.00±0.17e | 17.60±0.17b | 14.60±0.17b |
| L81 | 19.70±0.17bc | 19.53±0.12a | 13.03±0.12b |
| L101 | 18.40±0.29bcd | 15.17±0.23cde | 8.70±0.17c |
| L102 | 15.60±0.00de | 10.83±0.06e | 15.83±0.12ab |
| L107 | 22.23±0.12a | 13.37±0.06d | 19.53±0.12ab |
| L116 | 17.93±0.12bc | 9.97±0.06f | 11.97±0.06b |
| L120 | 15.13±0.29de | 12.27±0.23defg | 15.73±0.29b |
2.8 抗生素敏感性试验结果
表4 罗伊氏乳杆菌和约氏乳杆菌对抗生素敏感性直径Table 4 Antibiotic sensitivity diameters of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsoniimm |
| 菌株编号 Strain number | 链霉素 Streptomycin | 卡那霉素 Kanamycin | 庆大霉素 Gentamicin | 氧氟沙星 Ofloxacin | 青霉素 Penicillin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L10 | 15.23±0.12c | 13.70±0.20ef | 15.70±0.17abc | 10.80±0.00cd | 13.27±0.06bc |
| L15 | 13.03±0.45cde | 11.07±0.06g | 10.13±0.06e | 6.00±0.00f | 18.60±0.26abce |
| L23 | 14.47±0.06d | 21.00±0.17ab | 11.60±0.10d | 10.33±0.06cd | 17.57±0.23b |
| L29 | 19.00±0.17ab | 17.60±0.00bcd | 11.80±0.10d | 12.80±0.17a | 22.00±0.17a |
| L35 | 18.30±0.17b | 20.60±0.26abcd | 15.70±0.10ab | 7.00±0.00df | 12.67±0.15cde |
| L39 | 11.23±0.12d | 21.40±0.20a | 13.33±0.06c | 12.67±0.12c | 21.57±0.06a |
| L57 | 12.03±0.12d | 18.57±0.21bcd | 15.87±0.15ab | 12.70±0.20b | 13.07±0.12c |
| L65 | 16.77±0.23bc | 16.83±0.06c | 16.30±0.20abc | 9.83±0.12d | 10.83±0.06de |
| L74 | 20.00±0.10a | 15.80±0.17de | 13.77±0.25bcde | 12.70±0.17bc | 18.77±0.25a |
| L81 | 18.97±0.12b | 15.40±0.17de | 14.10±0.17abcd | 11.70±0.10c | 24.63±0.21a |
| L101 | 15.20±0.17c | 13.17±0.12f | 16.30±0.10ab | 6.77±0.06ef | 18.83±0.21a |
| L102 | 18.87±0.06b | 19.63±0.15b | 14.47±0.06ab | 10.40±0.10cd | 10.20±0.10e |
| L107 | 9.67±0.32de | 16.23±0.06d | 11.57±0.06d | 7.67±0.15de | 12.60±0.00cde |
| L116 | 9.53±0.32de | 13.33±0.15ef | 12.93±0.06c | 10.77±0.06c | 17.90±0.17abce |
| L120 | 10.87±0.06d | 14.30±0.01e | 13.90±0.00abc | 9.00±0.10d | 17.10±0.26b |
