This experiment was conducted to study the effects of calcium and vitamin D3 on growth, slaughter performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. Using a 2×2 completely randomized design, two hundred and forty 21-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 10 chickens per replicate. The experiment lasted for 28 d. A corn-soybean meal diet was the basal diet. Calcium levels were 0.90% and 1.15%, respectively, and vitamin D3 levels were 750 and 5 000 IU/kg, respectively, in four kinds of experimental diets. The results showed as follows: 1) 1.15% of calcium and 5 000 IU/kg of vitamin D3 had no significant effect on the growth performance during the prior period (21 d) （P>0.05）, but had a significant effect during the later period (28 d) （P<0.05）; 2) 1.15% calcium had a significant effect on abdominal fat （P<0.05）; 3) 1.15% calcium had a significant effect on muscle shear force （P<0.01）, while 5 000 IU/kg vitamin D3 had no significant effect on muscle shear force （P>0.05）, and the interaction of calcium and vitamin D3 had a significant effect on muscle shear force （P<0.05）. The above results indicate that feeding a diet containing 1.15% calcium and 5 000 IU/kg vitamin D3 for a long time will reduce growth performance of broilers. But 1.15% calcium can improve meat quality by reducing the percentage of abdominal fat and muscle shear force in broilers.［Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010，22（6）:1544-1550］